西藏藏南地区新增疫源县鼠疫菌病原学分析及流行病学意义  

The etiology and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis in the new foci of plague in the south of Tibet

作　　者：杨晓艳[1] 辛有全[1] 魏柏青[1] 熊浩明[1] 祁美英[1] 靳娟[1] 赵海红[1] 赵小龙[1] 李翔[1] 代瑞霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所鼠疫预防控制科,西宁811602

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第4期247-249,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81160211）

摘　　要：目的 探讨西藏藏南地区新增疫源县鼠疫菌株生物学特点及流行病学意义,为鼠疫防治提供科学依据.方法 对1999-2008年藏南地区新增疫源县分离的28株鼠疫菌株进行生化试验、毒力测定、毒力因子鉴定、质粒分析、差异区段（DFR）分型等研究.结果 生态型为青藏高原型、岗底斯山型的鼠疫菌分别有11、17株;基因组型为5、19型的鼠疫菌分别有2、26株.存在6×10^6、45×10^6、65×10^6和6×10^6、36×10^6、45×10^6、65×10^6两种质粒谱,其中6×10^6、36×10^6、45×10^6、65×10^6质粒组成是该地区新发现的质粒谱.28株鼠疫菌均能产生鼠疫菌荚膜抗原（F1）,鼠疫杆菌素Ⅰ（Pst Ⅰ）阳性的菌株占96.4％（27/28）,毒力抗原因子（VW）阳性的菌株占32.1％（9/28）,色素沉着因子（pgm）阳性的菌株占46.4％（13/28）;从28株鼠疫菌中选取具有代表性的11株进行毒力测定,81.8％（9/11）的鼠疫菌为强毒菌.结论 1999-2008年西藏藏南地区新增疫源县鼠疫菌具备青藏高原鼠疫病原体特性,鼠疫菌的毒力强,因此,应加大鼠疫监测力度,严防动物鼠疫波及人间.Objective To investigate the biological characteristics and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis in the new foci of plague in the south of Tibet,in order to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control.Methods Totally 28 strains were separated in the new foci of plague in the south of Tibet from 1999 to 2008 to do biochemical test,toxicity test,virulence factor evaluation,plasmid analysis and Different Region （DFR）genotyping.Results Qing-Tibet Plateau ecotype and Gangdis Mountain ecotype was 11 and 17 strains,respectively.Genomovar5 and genomovar19 was 2 and 26 strains,respectively.The strains had two kinds of plasmid spectrum-6 × 10^6,45 × 10^6,65 × 10^6 and 6 × 10^6,36 × 10^6,45 × 10^6,65 × 10^6,and the last one was newly discovered plasmid spectrum.All the 28 strains could produce F1,and Pst Ⅰ positive strains were 96.4% （27/28）,VW positive strains were 32.1% （9/28）,and pgm positive strains were 46.4% （13/28）; 11 typical strains were selected to do the toxicity test,and 81.8% （9/11） were velogenic strains.Conclusions Strains separated in the south of Tibet from 1999 to 2008 have the characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet plateau plague＇s pathogen,and the strains＇ toxicity are strong.Therefore,we should enhance the plague monitoring to prevent animal plague spreading to human.

关 键 词：鼠疫 病原学 流行病学 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]