山区土地流转对缓解耕地撂荒的作用  

The role of rural farmland transfer in preventing farmland abandonment in the mountainous areas

作　　者：邵景安[1,2] 张仕超[1,2] 李秀彬[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆400047 [2]三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室,重庆400047 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理学报》2015年第4期636-649,共14页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委国际(地区)合作与交流项目(41161140352);教育部人文社科青年基金项目(10YJCZH122);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(210181)~~

摘　　要：耕地撂荒是目前山区发展较快的一种土地利用变化,耕地流转能否缓解这一过程,促进土地资源有效配置,以避免耕地资源浪费,是一个值得探讨的课题。借助前期研究成果,使用多视角两因素散点分析和单因素相关分析方法,旨在查明山区耕地流转对缓解耕地撂荒的作用,结果表明:1在村级尺度上,样区耕地流转与耕地撂荒间呈现显著负相关关系,流转率高的村庄,撂荒率低,尤其在优等耕作条件的耕地中表现更为突出,说明耕地流转可以减少优等耕作条件的耕地撂荒;2在地块尺度上,优等耕作条件的耕地撂荒率显著低于劣等耕作条件,样区耕地的撂荒主要由Ⅳ等耕作条件的耕地所贡献;3在村级尺度上,样区耕作条件对耕地撂荒率的作用较弱,村样本间耕作条件对撂荒率差异的解释能力不强,优等耕作条件的耕地撂荒仍然存在,说明以耕地流转率代表的土地租赁市场尚不发育;4但是,样区耕地流转率高的村庄,优等耕作条件的耕地撂荒率低,说明耕地撂荒仍然受到土地租赁市场的完善程度所左右,且土地租赁市场在优化耕地资源利用方面的作用已有一定程度的显现;5进一步完善土地租赁的市场化程度,有助于减少或降低耕地撂荒现象的发生,可以避免优等耕作条件的耕地浪费。Farmland abandonment is a type of land use change in the mountainous areas, and this change is under rapid development. Whether farmland transfer can prevent this process or not and promote the effective allocation of land resources is a question worth studying and discussing. With the help of the previous research findings, the objective of this paper was to find out the role of farmland transfer on mitigating farmland abandonment, by using the multiple view methods with two factors, and single factor correlation analysis. The results showed that： （1） At village level, there was a significant negative correlation between farmland transfer and farmland abandonment, especially for the farmland with high grade farming conditions, which indicated that farmland transfer could prevent the abandonment of farmland with high grade farming conditions. （2） At plot level, the abandonment rate of farmland with high grade farming conditions was significantly lower than that with poor grade farming conditions. Abandoned farmland was mainly the IV grade farming conditions in the study site. （3） At village level, the role of farming conditions on farmland abandonment was insignificant. The farming condition to the difference of farmland abandonment rate at village level was not obvious. The abandonment of farmland with high farming conditions still existed, which illustrated that farmland transfer, as one of the land rental markets, was still not developed. （4） However, for the villages with higher rate of farmland transfer, there was lower abandonment rate for those high grade fanning conditions, which incicated that farmland abandonment was still controlled by the improvement of land rental market. Furthermore, the function of land rental market played an important role in optimizing the utilization of farmland resources. （5） To further improve the marketing degree of land rent, the probability of farmland abandonment could be reduced. Especially, their function to farmland with high grade farming conditi

关 键 词：土地租赁市场 耕地撂荒 耕作条件 耕地资源优化 山区 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]