中国珍稀荒漠植物梭梭在半干旱沙地引种适应性  

On suitability for introduction of Chinese rare desert plant Haloxylon ammodendron in semi-arid sandy regions of northwestern China

作　　者：王德英[1] 丁国栋[1,2] 赵媛媛[1,2] 高广磊[1,2] 于明含[1] 李蒙蒙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室 [2]宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2015年第4期74-81,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金："973"国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB429906);林业公益性行业科研专项(201304325)

摘　　要：应用主成分分析法和模糊相似优先比聚类分析法,分析影响梭梭引种的主要气候因子,划分梭梭的适宜引种区,为梭梭的引种驯化提供理论依据和技术支持。研究结果表明:1)温度、气压、风和水分是影响梭梭引种的主要气候因子,可代表92.16%的原始数据信息量;2)最适于梭梭引种的气候因子范围为海拔265.00~1 349.30 m、经度106°42'~120°54'E、纬度37°37'~44°34'N、年均降水量142.50~341.92 mm、极端最低气温-11.57^-9.25℃、极端最高气温28.26~29.39℃、平均气压86.585~98.335 k Pa、平均地面温度8.67~11.83℃、平均风速1.58~2.50 m/s、平均气温7.06~9.16℃、平均水汽压668~771 Pa、平均相对湿度47.58%~54.33%、日照时数2 226.58~2 491.58 h、年均蒸发量1 509.50~1 650.50 mm;3)宁夏陶乐、盐池,陕西榆林、靖边、神木以及内蒙古扎鲁特与新疆甘家湖国家级自然保护区气候条件较为相似,梭梭引种适宜性较好。In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for introduction and domestication of the rare desert plant of Haloxylon ammodendron, the principal component analysis and fuzzy clustering were utilized to identify the main climatic factors and partition the suitable regions for species introduction of H. ammodendron. The results indicated that： 1） temperature, air pressure, wind and precipitation were the critical climate factors determined the introduction of H. ammodendron with representing 92.16% of the original information; 2） the most suitable ranges of climatic factors were altitude 265.00 - 1 349.30 m, longitude 106°42′ - 120°54′E, latitude 37°37′- 44°34′ N, annual mean precipitation 142.50 - 341.92 mm, the minimum temperature - 11.57 -9.25 ℃ , the maximum temperature 28.26 -29.39 ℃ , mean pressure 86. 585 - 98. 335 kPa, mean land surface temperature 8.67 - 11.83 ℃ , mean wind speed 1.58 -2.50 m/s, mean air temperature 7.06 -9.16 ℃ , mean vapor pressure 668 -771 Pa, mean relative humidity 47.58% - 54.33% , duration of sunshine 2 226.58 - 2 491. 58 hrs, annual mean evaporation 1 509.50 - 1 650.50 mm; 3） of all selected plots, Taole and Yanchi in Ningxia, Yulin, Jingbian and Shenmu in Shaanxi of northwestern China, and Zhalute in Inner Mongolia of northern China are the most suitable areas for the introduction of H. ammodendron from Ganjiahu National Nature Reserve in Xinjiang of northwestern China in terms of climate factors.

关 键 词：梭梭 气候因子 引种 模糊相似优先比聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S722.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]