微束X射线荧光分析清代金釉碗彩料的化学成分和元素分布  

Micro-X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Colored pigments Containing Au on the Ancient Bowl of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：程琳[1,2] 李梅田[3] 王君玲[1,2] 段泽明 李融武[1,2] 潘秋丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学核科学与技术学院射线束技术与材料改性教育部重点实验室 [2]北京市辐射中心,北京100875 [3]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2015年第4期256-260,共5页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(1112014;1102022);国家自然科学基金(11175022);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2014JJCB06);2014年度首都科技条件平台科学仪器开发培育项目

摘　　要：清代官窑釉上彩瓷器彩料的化学成分和烧制工艺缺乏系统的科学研究。用自行研制的毛细管聚焦的微束X射线荧光研究了一只清代金釉碗的不同颜色彩料的化学成分和元素分布。分析结果表明,Cu、Fe、Mn、Au等是彩料的主要着色元素,Pb是彩料的主要熔剂;彩料中红釉是高温釉,而金色、浅黄色和绿色彩料是低温釉。微束X射线荧光扫描分析表明,金鱼的眼睛是由Cu、Au、Fe、Pb等混合彩料绘制,金鱼的整体图案是由Fe和Pb等混合颜料绘制,而金鱼的鱼鳞用Au和Pb的彩料绘制而成。此外,不同颜色彩料中的着色元素的纯度较高,能谱中没有其他微量元素杂质的干扰,这些特征可以作为辨别清代官窑彩料真伪的参考。Study of the chemical compositions and fired technologies of ancient colored glaze of Qing dynasty official kiln is very poor. Chemical compositions and elemental mappings of Au glaze bowl of Qing dynasty are studied by micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis. The results show that Cu,Fe,Mn, Au are the mainly colored elements and Pb is a kind of solvent. Moreover, the red glaze of bowl is a kind of high temperature glaze, but the golden, light yellow and green glazes are the kind of low temperature glazes. The elemental mappings show that the eyes of goldfish are painted by colored pigment mixed by Cu, Au, Fe, Pb, the whole body of goldfish is painted by a kind of pigment mixed by Pb and Fe, but the scales of goldfish are painted by colored pigment mixed by Au and Pb. Furthermore, the grades of purity of different colored pigments are very high and no other metallic elements except that the colored elements are detected in our experiment. This can be regarded as the reference to authenticating the genuineness of the color pigments of Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：光谱学 毛细管X光透镜 微束X射线荧光 清代釉上彩 元素分布 

分 类 号：O657.34[理学—分析化学] TQ174.43[理学—化学]