无信号人行横道交通流特性的研究  

Study of traffic flow characteristics at unsignalized crosswalk

作　　者：刘应东[1] 牛惠民[1] 王建强[1] 李世威 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《计算机工程与应用》2015年第6期16-21,共6页Computer Engineering and Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.71261014);甘肃省自然科学基金(No.145RJZA190)

摘　　要：考虑到行人穿越人行横道特点和心理因素,构建人行横道处机动车和行人相互干扰行为的元胞自动机模型。模型中重新制定行人和机动车的冲突干扰规则,引入临界安全间隙和临界决策间隙概念计算行人的通过概率,根据行人过街等待时间阈值定义了行人的冒险概率。模拟结果显示,临界决策间隙、行人忍耐时间阈值和行人的临界跟随间隙对机动车与行人流量均有不同程度的影响,其中行人的临界跟随间隙对交通流影响最大。Considering the psychological factors of pedestrian crossing, a mixed traffic flow model is built based on Cellular Automata（CA）. In this model,the rules of interference between pedestrians and vehicles at crosswalk are revised, the probabilities of pedestrians crossing are achieved on the basis of the two introducing concepts of critical safety gap and critical decision gap, and the risk probabilities of pedestrians are redefined according to the threshold of pedestrian waiting time.Simulation results show that the critical decision gap, the threshold of pedestrian waiting time and the critical following gap have different effects on vehicle and pedestrian traffic flows,in which the effects of the critical following gap are strongest.

关 键 词：数值模拟 人行横道 行人心理 元胞自动机 临界安全间隙 临界跟随间隙 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]