黄土坡面细沟水流分离能力  

Soil Detachment Capacity of Rill Flow on Loess Hillslope

作　　者：申楠[1,2] 王占礼[2,3] 陈浩 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [4]榆林市府谷县水务局,陕西府谷719400

出　　处：《山地学报》2015年第2期191-198,共8页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171227,41471230);中国科学院重点项目(KZZD-EW-04-03)~~

摘　　要：水流分离能力是土壤侵蚀研究的重点内容之一,阐明细沟水流分离能力变化规律可以深入认识细沟侵蚀过程,为建立细沟侵蚀过程模型奠定重要基础。采用细沟水槽试验方法对黄土坡面细沟水流分离能力进行研究,结果表明:不同流量下,细沟水流分离能力随坡度增加而增大,可用线性方程很好地描述;不同坡度下,细沟水流分离能力随流量的增加而增大,可用幂函数方程很好地描述;细沟水流分离能力因子模型为流量及坡度对细沟水流分离能力影响的二元幂函数方程,方程中流量对细沟水流分离能力的影响大于坡度的影响。Detachment capacity by flow is one of the most important contents of soil erosion research. Clarifying the variation regularity of rill flow detachment capacity can make us understand rill erosion process deeply,and make a good foundation for building rill erosion process model. Rill flow detachment capacity on loess hillslope was studied by the rill flume experiment in this paper. Based on analyzing the variation characteristics of soil detachment capacity by rill flow on loess hillslope,the factor model of soil detachment capacity by rill flow was established. Under different flow discharges,soil detachment capacity by rill flow increased with slope and they could be well described by linear functions. Under different slopes,soil detachment capacity by rill flow increased with flow discharge and they could be well described by power functions. The factor model of relationship between soil detachment capacity by rill flow and the flow discharges and slopes is a binary power function. Flow discharge has greater influence on soil detachment capacity by rill flow than slope.

关 键 词：黄土坡面 细沟径流 分离能力 坡度 流量 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]