退耕还林工程对黔东南山区植被覆盖变化的影响  

Influences of the Project of Returning Cropland to Forest on Vegetation Cover Changing in Qiandongnan Mountain Region

作　　者：王丹[1] 郭泺[1] 赵松婷 吕靓[3] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]园林科学研究所,北京100102 [3]浙江省地理信息中心,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《山地学报》2015年第2期208-217,共10页Mountain Research

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划(B08044);国家自然科学基金(31370480)资助~~

摘　　要：以黔东南州遥感影像为数据源,通过提取该州退耕还林工程实施前后土地利用变化信息,对其14 a间耕地、林地变化进行分析。结果表明:1999—2013年,研究区域林地面积减少,耕地面积增加。空间变化显示北部、东北部重点退耕还林区林地增加,耕地减少,说明退耕还林工程效果显著。而南部、东南部非重点退耕还林区林地减少,耕地增加。研究表明,黔东南州在实施生态退耕的同时,毁林毁草开荒、复垦也在同时进行。对坡度>25°土地利用变化进行分析发现,在1999—2009年间其变化趋势与黔东南州土地利用变化趋势相同,在2009—2013年间,坡度>25°林地有所增加,耕地减少,说明经过退耕还林和育林之后,林地的减少得到了有效的阻止,并得到了恢复。研究表明,黔东南州陡坡地林地得到了保护和恢复,但是平缓区的林地仍在减少。建议在今后的工作中应当继续推进退耕还林工程,并且要加强天然林地和草地的保护。Based on the remote sensing image of Landsat ETM ＋ / TM in 1999 and 2009 and Landsat8 in 2013,DEM and topographic map of Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in China,land use changing from 1999 to 2009 was analyzed. The results showed that the forest was decreasing and the farmland was increasing. According to the spatial distribution map of forest and farmland,the forest in the north and northwest,where were the key area of the Project of Returning Cropland to Forest,was increasing and the farmland in the south and southwest is decreasing. However,the forest in the south and southeast was decreasing. Which means that forests were turning back to farmland while the implementation for reforestation. The results of analysis the of land use changing over 25°showed the land use changing character during the 1999 and 2009 had the same trends of the whole area. However,the farmland decreased and forest increased during the 2009 and 2013. It means that the Project of Returning Cropland to Forest achieved some success. The results of this survey suggests that the forest over 25°has been restored and preserved,while the forest in flat area has been destroyed. Suggestions in the future work should continue to advance the Project of Returning Cropland to Forest,and to strengthen the protection of natural forest and grass.

关 键 词：黔东南山区 退耕还林 坡度25° 土地利用 变化 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学] S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]