野生割手密种质资源的考察与收集  

Investigation and Collection of Wild Germplasm Resources of Saccharum spontaneum

作　　者：张瑜[1,2] 鄢家俊[1] 白史且[1,2] 彭燕[2] 刀志学[1] 张建波[1,3] 张劲[1] 张昌兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省草原科学研究院,成都611731 [2]四川农业大学草业科学系,四川雅安625014 [3]贵州省草业研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第2期377-381,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA101801-01)

摘　　要：为丰富我国甘蔗（Saccharum L.）育种基因资源库和发掘新型能源植物,对我国野生割手密（Saccharum spontaneum L.）种质资源进行系统的考察与收集具有重大意义。本次考察采用居群采集法,涉及我国7省71县,涵盖了我国野生割手密分布的大部分区域,共收集到33个居群、304份野生割手密材料,并对割手密野生状态下的形态特征、地理分布特点进行了初步调查。结果表明,野生割手密在我国东经101°11′02″-111°02′29″、北纬18°33′47″-34°09′32″、海拔-11-2 155 m范围内都有分布;与其近缘种相比较,割手密生境丰富,野生状态下的形态特征差异明显,具有干旱、湿生环境的良好适应性,株高出现了1-4 m不等的变异,具有丰富的遗传多样性,其研究与利用将有广泛的前景。In order to enrich the wild germplasm resources of sugarcane（Saccharum L.） in China and discover new species of wild plant, investigation and collection of wide germplasm resources of Saccharum spontaneum L. was of very importance. Using the method of populations collection, 304 wild recources, 33 populations of S. spontaneum were collected from 71 counties or cities in seven provinces. The morphological characteristics and distribution characteristic of wild S. spontaneum in detail were investigated. Results showed that wild resources of S. spontaneum were widely distributed in China, mainly in the east longitude of 101° 11′ 02″ to 111° 02′ 29″, north latitude of 18° 33′ 47″ to 34° 09′ 32″, with altitude of-11 to 2 155 m.Compared with its relatives, S. spontaneum had abundant habitats and different shapes in the wild. It had good adaptability under drought and wet environment. Its plant height varied from 1 m to 4 m, with abundant genetic diversity and extensive prospect for further study and application.

关 键 词：割手密(Saccharum spontaneum L.) 种质资源 考察 收集 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学] S502.4