金属矿区重金属迁移对水体影响的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of influence of heavy metal migration on water in metallic mining areas

作　　者：轩晓博[1,2] 逄勇[1,3] 李一平[1,3] 王仕彬[4] 王雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [2]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003 [3]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [4]福建省闽东南地质大队,福建泉州362021

出　　处：《水资源保护》2015年第2期30-35,共6页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51179053)

摘　　要：为了解矿区土壤中重金属对周围地表水体的影响,以闽江支流浐溪河彭村水库为例,基于MIKE21模型平台构建二维重金属预测模型,根据重金属在水体和底泥中的转移扩散、悬浮沉积及吸附解吸原理,采用土壤淋溶及浸泡试验所获取的库区土壤重金属含量等数据,模拟不同入库流量下库区Zn、Cd、Pb等3种重金属污染分布规律。结果表明:小流量条件下,Zn的浓度为库区中央最小,两岸次之,靠近矿区区域最大;大流量下,库区中央大于两岸,下游大于上游。Pb的浓度为库区中央大于两岸,下游大于上游。Cd的浓度为库区中央大于两岸,下游大于上游。水库蓄水后,重金属浓度基本满足GB3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅱ类水质标准。In order to make it clear the effects of heavy metals in the soil of mining area to its surface water around, taking the Pengcun Reservoir on the Chanxi River which is a branch of Minjiang River as an example, a two- dimension heavy metal prediction model was set up based on the MIKE21 model. According to the principles of migration-diffusion, suspension-deposition and adsorption-desorption of heavy metals in water and sediment, and by using the concentration data of heavy metals in the reservoir area obtained from the experiment of soil leaching and immersion, the contamination distribution of heavy metals such as Zn, Cd and Pb under different reservoir inflow was simulated. The results show that the distribution order from small to big of Zn concentration under a low flow condition is the central zone of reservoir, river banks, the places close to mining area, while under a high flow condition, the order from big to small is the central zone of reservoir, fiver banks and downstream, upstream; the distribution order from big to small of Pb concentration is the central zone of reservoir, fiver banks and downstream, upstream; the distribution order from big to small of Cd concentration is the central zone of reservoir, river banks and downstream, upstream; after reservoir impounding, the concentration of heavy metals in the reservoir can basically meet the water quality standard of Class II in GB 3838-2002 surface water environment quality standard.

关 键 词：金属矿区 重金属迁移 MIKE 21 水质 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]