觉华鸟(新属)(Juehuaornis gen.nov.)——辽西早白垩世一今鸟型鸟类新发现  

Discovery of a new ornithuromorph genus,Juehuaornis gen. nov.from Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning,China

作　　者：王任飞[1] 王岩[1] 胡东宇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学古生物研究所,沈阳110034 [2]国土资源部东北亚生物演化重点实验室,沈阳110034

出　　处：《世界地质》2015年第1期7-11,共5页World Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41172026);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201102199);辽宁省高校优秀科技人才支持计划项目(LR2012038)联合资助

摘　　要：本文描述了产于中国辽宁凌源早白垩世九佛堂组地层的一件鸟类化石标本。该标本中等大小,具有许多原始今鸟型鸟类的共同衍征;同时该标本也具有一个区别与其他已知原始今鸟型鸟类的长吻:吻长超过整个头骨长的70%;前颌骨前端尖而下钩,向前超出下颌前端,下颌齿骨前端直,仅上颌骨和齿骨上具有牙齿,代表了原始今鸟型鸟类一个新的属种和一个新的生态类型,因此建立了一个今鸟型鸟类新属种——张氏觉华鸟(Juehuaornis zhangi gen.et sp.nov)。Here we report on a new basal ornithuromorph bird, Juehuaornis zhangi gen. et sp. nov. , based on a nearly complete and articulated subaduh skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Lingyuan of western Liaoning, China. It displays ornithomorph synapomorphies, such as a synsacrum composed of 12 sacral vertebrae, a short pygostyle, long and curved scapula, U - shaped furcula without a hypocleidum, coracoid with a developed procoracoid process and a concaved lateral margin, a keel extended along the full length of sternum, major and minor metacarpals fused proximally and distally, and proximal phalanx of digit II expanded caudally. The new specimen is distinguishable from other known ornithuromorphs by some unique features including a long rostrum for approximately 70% the total length of the skull, cranial end of upper jaw hooked, and cranial end of lower jaw straight. The new specimen provides new important morphological information regarding Omithomorpha, and it represents a new ecotype of this group.

关 键 词：今鸟型鸟类 张氏觉华鸟 早白垩世 九佛堂组 凌源 辽西 

分 类 号：Q915.4[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]