复杂结构井管柱力学模型及动态三维数字井筒  

String mechanical model for complex-structure wells and dynamic 3D digital shaft

作　　者：杨勇 邵兵 王风锐 倪元勇 田炜 崔树清 杨益涵 闫相祯 

机构地区：[1]中国石油华北油田公司,河北任丘062550 [2]中国石油大学油气CAE技术研究中心,山东青岛266580 [3]中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司工程设计院,北京100028

出　　处：《石油学报》2015年第3期385-394,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家重大科技专项"山西沁水盆地煤层气水平井开发示范工程"(2011ZX05061);国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05036-001);国家自然科学基金项目(No.51274231;No.51374228;No.U1262208);中国石油天然气集团公司重点实验室项目(2014A-4214)资助

摘　　要：复杂结构井,尤其是煤层气多分支水平井的分支井眼多、井眼轨道局部弯曲段多的特点使得井内管柱作业时所受摩阻、扭矩较大,造成作业困难甚至复杂事故。将二维刚性模型、二维整体模型及三维刚性模型3种刚杆模型进行程序化,并基于能量平衡原理,结合软绳模型及狗腿平面的管柱刚性,推导出刚度力模型,从计算效率及精度上通过对比确定刚度力模型为推荐最优计算模型。基于但不局限于杆管模型,细化并实现动态数字化井筒技术:利用三次样条插值函数及最小二乘法数据拟合进行井眼实际测井数据平滑处理,建立复杂结构井的三维"数学井筒";采用量化色度分级方法,将管柱摩阻、偏磨、井壁破碎及井壁坍塌风险等指标进行等级划分,建立带有指标分级云图的"物理井筒";结合工程需求,考虑井下工具组合及VR处理技术,实现可直接为工程服务的"工程井筒"。"三步"数字井筒技术路线为数字井筒的全面实现提出了可行性方案,所开发的复杂结构井三维数字井筒动态可视化软件平台可为复杂结构井工程提供极大的便利。The complex-structure wells,especially multilateral horizontal wells with coal-bed methane,are featured by multiple boreholes and local curves of borehole trajectory,which lead to large friction and torque during tubing operation,resulting in difficulties in operations and even complicated accidents.In this study,three kinds of rigid rod models,i.e.,2D rigid model,2D overall model and 3D rigid model,are applied in programming.Based on energy conversation law,a stiffness force model is derived in combination with soft rope model and the tube rigidity in dogleg plane.In terms of computational efficiency and accuracy,the stiffness force model is recommended to be the optimal calculation model through comparison.Based on but not limited to the tubing models,the dynamic digital shaft technology is refined and realized.The cubic spline interpolation function and the least square method are used for data fitting,so as to smoothly process actual well logging data and establish the 3D mathematical shaft for complex-structure wells.By using quantized color grading method,the tube friction,eccentric wear,well wall crush or collapse risks and other indices are classified by grade to establish the physical shaft with index grading chart.In combination with engineering requirements and in consideration of down-hole tools and VR processing technology,the engineering shaft is achieved to directly serve the engineering work.The three-step digital shaft technical route is able to provide a feasible scheme for full realization of digital shaft.The dynamic visualized software platform of 3D digital shaft developed for complex-structure wells can make a great convenience for the projects of complex-structure wells.

关 键 词：复杂结构井 管柱力学 刚度力 色度分级 可视化 数字井筒 

分 类 号：TE35[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]