播种密度和壮秧剂对水稻秧苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of broadcasting density and seedling strengthen agent on physiological characteristics of rice seedling

作　　者：潘圣刚[1,2] 闻祥成 田华[1,2] 陈益培[1] 莫钊文[1] 段美洋[1,2] 唐湘如[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642 [2]农业部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2015年第3期32-36,共5页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(20124404120009);广东省科技计划项目(2004B20101007)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同播种密度和壮秧剂对水稻秧苗生理特性的影响．【方法】以香稻农香18为材料，采用常规旱育秧的方式，设计了30、60、90、120g·盘^-1。的播种密度及是否施用壮秧剂处理．【结果和结论】在播种密度介于30～120g·盘^-1时，增加播种密度显著降低了秧苗的叶面积、单位苗高干质量、茎基宽、叶片干质量、茎鞘干质量、地上部总干质量及根系干质量．不论是否施用壮秧剂，D1处理秧苗的叶面积、单位苗高干质量、秧苗茎基宽、总根长、根系表面积以及根系总体积均显著高于其他处理．与不施壮秧剂相比，施用壮秧剂显著增加了秧苗SPAD值、秧苗叶面积、单位苗高干质量、茎基宽、叶片干质量、茎鞘干质量、地上部总干质量、根系干质量以及叶片比叶质量，每百株秧苗的根系表面积、平均直径、根系总体积以及秧苗POD和SOD活性也显著增加，显著降低了秧苗株高和MDA含量．主成分分析结果表明，在进行秧苗素质的评价时，应将茎鞘较粗壮（茎鞘干质量较大、茎基部较宽以及单位苗高干质量较大）、根冠比和叶片干质量较大等作为选择指标，能够比较准确地反映其秧苗素质．【Objective】Effects of broadcasting density and seedling strengthen agent on physiological characteristics of rice seedling were studied. 【Method】By conventional dry nursery using an aromatic rice cultivar Nongxiang18 as material,four broadcasting densities,which were 30,60,90,120 g·plate- 1,respectively,were designed,and whether seedling strengthen agent was applied or not.【Result and conclusion】The results showed that leaf area and rice seedling dry mass( leaf dry mass,stem dry mass,root dry mass and dry mass per height) significantly decreased with the increase of broadcasting density when broadcasting density was in the range of 30- 120 g·plate- 1. The values of leaf area and rice seedling dry mass( leaf dry mass,stem dry mass,root dry mass and dry mass per height) were higher in the broadcasting density of 30 g·plate- 1than those of other treatments whether seedling strengthen agent was applied or not. Compared with the treatment of no seedling strengthen agent,the seedling strengthen agent could increase SPAD value,leaf area,rice seedling dry mass( leaf dry mass,stem dry mass,root dry mass and dry mass per height) and specific leaf mass. And superficial area,average diameter and volume of roots remarkably increased. Furthermore,the activities of superoxide dismutase( SOD) and peroxidase( POD) of rice seedling significantly increased,too. However,the plant height and malondialdehyde( MDA) concentration of rice seedling remarkably decreased. Principal component analysis showedthat stronger stem( heavier stem dry mass,bigger width of stem and dry mass per height) and bigger value of root to shoot and heavier leaf dry mass may be considered as better rice seedling qualities rapidly and accurately at the growth stage of rice seedling.

关 键 词：播种密度 壮秧剂 生理特性 香稻 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]