中长期飞行对人体超重耐力影响及防护技术研究  

Research on Effects of Mid-Long-Term Flight on Human +Gx Endurance and Protection Measures

作　　者：吴萍[1] 吴斌[1] 陈晓萍[1] 阚广悍[1] 谷志明[1] 黄伟芬[1] 白延强[1] 王跃[1] 刘敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2015年第2期171-178,204,共9页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：为探讨中长期空间飞行(30 d以上)后飞船应急返回对机体超重耐力的影响及防护技术,首先选用42只健康雄性成年猕猴,随机分为4组,进行中长期模拟失重再超重的病理生理影响及其机理研究;之后选22名健康被试者,随机平均分为2组,分别穿着绳索拉紧式和充气式抗荷服,测定各自选定的高低2种压力制度时的下体负压耐力;最后选8名健康志愿者,测试在不穿抗荷服、穿着绳索拉紧式和充气式抗荷服三种状态下承受超重过载时的生理反应。实验表明,高+Gx作用,使猕猴脏器出现病理性损伤,相同G值猕猴头低位卧床后再超重组引起的病理损伤要比单纯超重组严重;绳索拉紧式抗荷服和充气式抗荷服可以提高人体下体负压耐力和超重耐力。The main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of spaceship emergency return on body hyper-gravity endurance after mid-long-term flight( over 30 days) and the protection measures,and to provide theoretical basis for formulating the hyper-gravity medical standard for spaceship emergency return after mid-long-term flight and developing space protective suits. Fortytwo healthy male rhesus monkeys were selected as the test subjects and were randomly divided into 4groups,to study on the pathophysiological effects of long-term simulated weightlessness plus hypergravity and its mechanism. Twenty-two healthy subjects were selected and randomly divided into two groups,wearing rope taut anti-G suit and inflatable anti-G suit respectively. Lower body negative pressure tolerance was measured in the chosen pressure. Finally 8 healthy volunteers were selected and their physiological responses to hyper-gravity with anti-G suit,or rope taut anti-G suit or inflatable anti-G suits were measured. The results showed that high + Gx caused pathologic organ damage in rhesus monkeys,and pathological damage in the same G level after head-down bed rest was worse than that of the simple hyper hyper-gravity group. Rope taut anti-G suits and inflatable anti-G suit could improve the body's hyper gravity endurance and lower body negative pressure endurance.

关 键 词：加速度 下体负压 超重耐力 病理生理 抗荷服 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]