水库蓄水后长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区干流溶解氧时空分布  

Spatial and temporal distribution of dissolved oxygen in the main stream of the National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fish in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River after reservoir impounding

作　　者：沈忱[1,2] 吕平毓 王义成[2] 倪广恒[1] 冯顺新[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水电可持续发展研究中心,北京100038 [3]长江上游水文水资源勘测局,重庆400014

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期39-45,共7页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC06B01);中国长江三峡集团公司经费资助项目(0799529)

摘　　要：水体的溶解氧(DO)是表征水体健康的重要指标之一。为研究金沙江下游向家坝与溪洛渡水库蓄水前后,"长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区"(以下简称"保护区")干流河道内溶解氧时空分布特征,2012-07—2013-11(期间向家坝进行了3次蓄水,溪洛渡进行了1次蓄水),在保护区及其上下游干流布设了7个监测站点,对水温、溶解氧质量浓度等指标进行了监测和分析。结果表明:1)4次蓄水过程坝下断面均出现了溶解氧过饱和现象;2)开始蓄水后溶解氧浓度与饱和度明显增加;3)支流入汇对干流溶解氧水平会产生一定的影响;4)河道内溶解氧溶度的增加与年际内水温周期变化及水库泄流调度引起的水气掺混有一定关系。Dissolved oxygen （DO） is one of the important indicators of water body health. The spatial and temporal DO distribution in the main stream of the National Nature Reserve for Rare andEndemic Fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River after impounding of the Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu Reservoirs was analyzed using the water temperatures and DO mass concentrations at 7 monitoring sites from July, 2012 to November, 2013. During the monitoring period, the Xiangjiaba Reservoir was impounded 3 times while the Xiluodu Reservoir was impounded once. The results show that： 1） the DO is supersaturated after each impounding, 2） both the DO concentration and the saturation increase significantly after impounding, 3） the confluence of tributaries strongly impacts the DO levels in the main stream, and 4） the increased DO saturation in the river is related to the annual periodic variation of the water temperature and the water-air mixing phenomenon caused by the reservoir discharge mode.

关 键 词：溶解氧(DO)的时空分布 长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区 水库蓄水 向家坝水库 溪洛渡水库 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]