国境生物安全体系探讨  

National border biosecurity system

作　　者：王聪[1] 张燕平[2] 邵思[3] 张祥林[4] 张伟[4] 李志红[1] 潘绪斌[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]国家质量监督检验检疫总局信息中心 [3]中国检验检疫科学研究院植物检疫研究所 [4]新疆出入境检验检疫局

出　　处：《植物检疫》2015年第1期12-18,共7页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目(2012IK298);中国检验检疫科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2014JK014);公益性行业(质检)科研专项(201310091和201410080)

摘　　要：全球变化的重要表现之一是有害生物的全球扩散。这不仅给被入侵地区造成严重的经济损失和生态危害,也在一定程度上对全球的贸易、文化等交流造成了负面影响。因此提高有害生物的风险评估、识别监测和防控检疫等水平,对防范外来有害生物入侵和流行具有重要意义。有害生物监测监控,涵盖多学科多部门,数据信息量大,内容繁杂,操作难度大。如何更好的形成联防联控的专业一体化的国境生物安全体系是当前需要引起关注的重要工作。本文旨在通过马铃薯甲虫入侵中国20多年的防控阻截措施为例,阐述建立国境生物安全体系的重要意义和具体方法,说明国境生物安全体系的建立带来的积极作用和有效影响,同时也有针对性的介绍了国境生物安全体系建立中应开发大数据平台、创新风险管理和加强宣传、教育和培训。One important manifestation of global change is a global spread of pests. This is not only to cause serious economic losses and ecological harm to the invaded areas, but also had a negative impact on the international trade, cultural and other exchanges around the world. Thereby increasing the ability of risk assessment, pests monitoring and prevention, control of exotic pest invasion and quarantine identification is important. Pest monitoring and control, covering multi-disciplinary multi-sectoral, and has big data, complicated content, diffi cult operation. How to form a better joint prevention and control border biosecurity system should cause more attention. This article is intended to analyze the twenty years invasion history of Colorado potato beetle in China as an example, to explain the signifi cance and specifi c method to establish border biosecurity system, indicating the positive and effective impact of establishment of border biosecurity system. At the mean while, it also introduced further work to establish big data platform, improve the risk management and increase the publicity, education and training.

关 键 词：国境 生物安全体系 生物入侵 风险管理 大数据 马铃薯甲虫 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护]