溃堤洪水的二维水动力模型及其应用  

Two-dimensional hydrodynamic model and its application of levee-breach flood

作　　者：苑希民[1] 田福昌 冯国娜[1] 王丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2015年第2期225-230,共6页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划资助(B14012)

摘　　要：为了减少堤防溃决造成重大的生命财产损失,加强防洪减灾非工程措施建设,建立了溃堤洪水的二维水动力模型,对溃堤洪水的精细化仿真模拟。该模型考虑了溃堤口门展宽变化,局部网格加密处理,并采用干湿水深理论与热启动技术对模型进行优化。将该模型应用于黄河内蒙段南岸灌区的溃堤洪水演进模拟,利用2008年杭锦旗奎素段实际溃堤数据对所建模型进行验证,结果表明:流场分布均匀且光滑,计算结果合理可靠,模型具有较高的计算精度及可靠性。采用该模型模拟了沙圪堵工程与奎素段堤防同时溃决的情形,并绘制了洪水风险图,为该地区防洪风险管理决策提供了重要的技术支持。In order to reduce the significant loss of life and property caused by levee-breach flood and to improve the non-projective measures in flood control and disaster prevention,a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed to simulate leveebreach flood accurately.Dyke broadening was taken into account,local model grids were refined,and the model was optimized using the hot start,dry water depth,and wet water depth theory.In this paper,the model was applied to simulate the levee-breach flood routing in the southern irrigated area of Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River.The actual dike burst data in Kuisu reach of the Yellow River were used to verify the model.The results showed that the flow field is smooth and well-distributed,which indicated that the research results are reasonable and reliable.The model was also applied to simulate the working conditions that two dike burst occurred at Shagedu engineering and Kuisu reach respectively.Flood risk maps were plotted,which can provide important technical support for the flood control risk management and decision in the area.

关 键 词：溃堤洪水 二维水动力模型 溃口展宽 干水深 湿水深 热启动 黄河内蒙段 洪水风险图 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]