山地表生地球化学研究现状与展望  

Review on Mountain Supergene Geochemistry

作　　者：吴艳宏[1,2] 邴海健[1,2] 周俊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2015年第2期75-82,共8页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41272200)

摘　　要：山地是地球上重要的地貌单元,占全球陆地面积的20%,中国山地占国土面积的2/3。山地是全球物质和能量循环的起点,是对全球气候变化最为敏感的区域。山地表生地球化学包括山地生物地球化学、山地环境地球化学和山地生态地球化学,是山地科学的主要内容。结合当前研究热点,山地表生地球化学重点关注山地表生生态系统对全球气候变化的响应与适应以及山地表生生态系统物质循环对山地生态环境健康的影响。未来需要在山地生态系统中将大气圈、水圈、土壤圈、生物圈作为一个整体,系统地开展山地表生地球化学研究;从初期的单一要素着手积累基础数据,到后期的多单元、多因素研究的整合;通过长期的野外监测和室内分析,最终建立适合山地生态系统的物质地球化学循环模型,预测将来全球气候变化和人类活动影响下山地生态环境的发展趋势和可能的潜在影响,这对山地自身的生态环境安全以及山区社会、经济和文化的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。Mountain is an important geomorphic type on the earth, which covers 20% of the total terrestrial areas. Mountain is the major part of Chinese land, which is nearly 2/3 of terrestrial area. Mountain is not only the beginning of global cycling of materials and energy, but also the most sensitive area to global climate changes. Mountain supergene geochemistry consists of mountain biogeochemistry, mountain environmental geochemistry and mountain ecological geochemistry （eco-geochemistry）, which are the important contents of mountain science. According to current research hotpots, mountain supergene geochemistry is focusing on the responses and adaptions of mountain ecosystems to the global changes, and the impacts of the material cycling on the ecology and environment in the mountain areas. In future, it is necessary to synthetically study the mountain supergene geochemistry in combination with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere. The first work should measure the basic data for single object, and then integrate the multiple data. Based on the long-term field monitoring and the lab analysis, the suitable geochemical cyclical models of the materials are ultimately established forthe mountain ecosystems, and thus the impacts of the global climate changes and human activities on the development of mountain ecological environment as well as the potential eco-risk would be predicted, which is appreciably important for the safety of mountain ecosystems and for the sustainable development of society, economy and culture in the mountain areas.

关 键 词：山地科学 表生地球化学 生态系统 全球气候变化 人类活动 物质循环 

分 类 号：P594[天文地球—地球化学]