持续高温干旱年份陆地棉农艺和产量性状的遗传效应分析  

Genetic Analysis of Agronomic and Yield Traits of Upland Cotton under Continuous High Temperature and Drought

作　　者：裴小雨[1] 周晓箭[1] 马雄风[1] 田桂平 王海风[1] 孟清芹[1] 张文生[1] 周克海[1] 刘艳改[1] 杨代刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000 [2]湖北省潜江市农业局,湖北潜江433100

出　　处：《棉花学报》2015年第2期126-134,共9页Cotton Science

基　　金：863强优势棉花杂交种的创制与应用(2011AA10A102);国家现代农业产业技术体系棉花体系(CARS-18-05)

摘　　要：本文采用NCⅡ交配设计方法,以9个陆地棉品种(系)配置16个杂交组合,利用加性—显性与环境互作的遗传模型(ADE模型),分析亲本和F1在2013年持续高温干旱条件下望江、九江2个环境下的农艺和产量性状,估算了各项遗传方差分量,分析了性状间各项遗传效应的相关性和各性状的杂种优势。结果表明,农艺和产量性状易受环境条件影响,子棉产量、皮棉产量、单株铃数和铃重的遗传主要受显性效应控制,衣分同时受加性和显性效应控制,子指主要受加性效应控制。遗传相关分析表明,子棉产量和皮棉产量与铃重和衣分呈显性正相关;铃重与衣分呈显性正相关,衣分与子指的加性和显性均为负相关。杂种优势分析表明,中棉所63的铃重、衣分、子指、子棉产量和皮棉产量的群体平均优势达极显著水平,其皮棉产量的杂种优势可以利用至F3。Heterosis is prevalent in nature. In this study, the NCII mating design approach, with nine upland cotton varieties （strains） forming 12 cross combinations, was used to analyze the main agronomic and yield traits in two ecological environments in 2013 with continuous high temperature and drought by the genetic model of additive-dominant with environmental interaction effects （ADE model）. Genetic variance components were estimated, genetic correlations between all traits were analyzed and heterosis of F~ and F2 were predicted. The results indicated that agronomic and yield traits were affected by environmental condi- tions. Seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll number per plant and boll weight were controlled by dominant effects; lint percent was controlled by additive and dominant effects; and seed index was controlled by additive effects. Genetic correlation analysis showed that seed cotton yield and lint yield had positive dominant correlations with boll weight and lint percent; boll weight had a positive dominant correlation with lint percent, while lint percent had a negative dominant correlation and negative additive correlation with seed index. Heterosis analysis indicated that mean heterosis of boll weight, lint percentage, seed index, seed cot- ton yield and lint yield of CCRI 63 reached extremely significant levels, and the F3 of this variety had strong heterosis for lint yield.

关 键 词：持续高温干旱 陆地棉 农艺与产量性状 遗传效应 遗传相关 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]