高速列车齿轮箱润滑油黏度指数的计算方法研究  

The Calculation Methods of High-speed Train Gearbox Lubricant Viscosity Index

作　　者：马骁驰[1] 张朝前[2] 张松鹏[1] 马利军[2] 周平宇[2] 张向军[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2015年第4期26-29,共4页Lubrication Engineering

摘　　要：高速列车齿轮油不仅承担高转速啮合齿轮间的润滑,通常也承担齿轮箱两端轴承的润滑,其黏度指数的确定和选择需要对润滑规律进行更严格的揭示与分析。采用机械设计计算查表法、黏度经验公式法、弹流润滑分析法、弹流润滑经验公式等方法,以CRH380A动车组齿轮箱为研究对象,计算高速列车齿轮箱所需润滑油的40℃黏度与100℃黏度,并得到选型的黏度指数,为高速列车齿轮油的选型提供了模型和理论依据。研究发现,由于高速下齿面接触应力很大、温度高、圆周速度大,高速列车齿轮润滑油还应当提高抗磨性、热安定性与氧化安定性等,并能够在较宽温度范围的运转,且要着重考虑齿轮油对齿轮箱内轴承的润滑及安全特性。High-speed train gearbox lubricant provides lubrication not only for high speed gear, but also for support bearings at both ends, so the selection of its viscosity index requires a more rigorous analysis for lubrication law. The lu- bricant viscosity at 40 ℃ and 100 ℃ of CRH380A high-speed train gearbox were calculated with the mechanical design experience formula, viscosity empirical formula, elastic fluid lubrication analysis method and elastic fluid lubrication em- pirical formula, the agreeable viscosity index was got, which provides practical models and theories for the selection of high-speed train gearbox lubricant. The research results show that, because of the large surface contact stress, high tem- perature and large circumferential velocity, high-speed train gearbox lubricant should have high abrasion resistance, ther- mal stability, oxidation stability, and the capability to operate in a wide temperature, and can provide good lubricating and security properties on gearbox bearings.

关 键 词：齿轮油:黏度指数 弹流润滑 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]