不同播深下清棵对花生生长发育及产量的影响  

Effect of Cleaning Stem Base Soil on Growth and Yield of Peanut in Different Sowing Depth

作　　者：吴迪[1] 郑英杭 王晓光[1] 于海秋[1] 蒋春姬[1] 赵新华[1] 赵姝丽[1] 刘志侠[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学工程学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第10期40-43,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省科技计划农业攻关及成果产业化项目(2014-201007);辽宁省农业综合开发省级重点科技推广项目[辽农综字(2014)30号]

摘　　要：[目的]明确辽宁地区不同播深下清棵对花生生长发育及产量的影响,为指导辽宁花生生产提供参考。[方法]以花生品种农花5号为供试材料,在密度为30万株/hm2条件下设置3种播种深度(3、5、7 cm),每个播种深度设有清棵和不清棵(对照)处理,研究不同播深下清棵对花生生长发育及产量的影响。[结果]在大气、土壤、栽培管理措施等因素完全一致的条件下,株高、叶面积指数、第1和第2对侧枝的果针数和荚果数、地上部干物质重、荚果重等指标表现为:3 cm播深下清棵处理低于不清棵对照,5、7 cm播深下清棵处理均高于不清棵对照;3种播深下清棵表现为:5 cm播深最大,7 cm播深次之,3 cm播深最小。在产量构成因素及产量方面,5 cm播深下清棵处理的百仁重、百果重、单株饱果数表现最突出。荚果产量表现为:3 cm播深下清棵低于对照,即在3 cm播深下清棵会造成减产;而5、7cm播深下均呈增产趋势,其中5 cm播深下清棵产量较高,达4 071.0 kg/hm2,比不清棵对照增产21.6%,其次是7 cm播深下清棵处理产量为3 494.2 kg/hm2,比不清棵对照增产3.3%,二者产量差异显著。[结论]5 cm播深下清棵处理产量较高,适合推广。[Objective] Effect of cleaning stem base soil on growth and yield of peanut in different sowing depth was understood to provide reference for guiding production of peanut in Liaoning. [Method] In order to investigate the effect of cleaning stem base soil under different sowing depth on the growth and yield of peanut, field experiments were conducted in 2012 - 2013 at Shenyang Agricultural University. High yield variety Nonghua 5 was used, and three sowing depths （3, 5 and 7 cm） with cleaning stem base soil and not cleaning stem base soil in the density of 300 000 plants per hectare were set up. [ Result] The plant height, leaf area index, the number of fruit needles and pods on the 1st and the 2nd lateral branches, shoot dry weight and pod weight were all lower in cleaning stem base soil with 3 cm sowing depth than those of CK under the same conditions of atmosphere, soil and cultivation. Whereas, the parameters of plant height, leaf area index etc. were higher in cleaning stem base soil with 5 cm and 7 cm sowing depth than those of CK, separately. And those parameters of 5 cm sowing depth was the highest in the condition of cleaning stem base soil, than the 7 cm, and the 3 cm was the lowest. One hundred seed weight, one hundred pod weight and the number of pod weight per plant were higher in cleaning stem base soil with 5 cm sowing depth than those of 3 cm and 7 cm. The yield in cleaning stem base soil with 3 cm was lower than that of CK, that was cleaning stem base soil would lead to a decreased yield under the condition of 3 cm sowing depth. On the contrary, the yield was increased under the conditions of 5 cm and 7 cm sowing depth. And the yield in 5 cm sowing depth was the highest among the three treatments, which was 4 071.0 kg/hm^2 with 21.6% increase than its CK, than the treatment of 7 cm sowing depth with the yield 3 494.2 kg/hm^2 and 3.3% increase. The yield difference of these two treatments reached signif- icant level. [ Conclusion] The 5 cm sowing depth had the highest yield, so it was suitable

关 键 词：花生 播深 清棵 产量 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]