试论《武王践祚》的文本流变  

A Research on the Text Transition of Wuwang Jian Zuo

作　　者：许兆昌[1] 李大鸣[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院 [2]吉林大学古籍研究所

出　　处：《古代文明》2015年第2期42-54,113,共13页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

基　　金：吉林大学哲学社会科学研究基金种子项目"先秦时期多元史学形态研究"(项目批号:2012ZZ009)阶段性成果

摘　　要：《上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书》(七)所收《武王践祚》,实为两种战国"简本"(甲本和乙本)的合抄。传世本则是参考了这两种简本,合编整理而成。与甲本相比,乙本在叙事及文字上更接近于原始的记录,成文应早于甲本。但甲本与乙本之间并没有直接的文本传承关系,应是两系文本发展的不同形态。参照乙本,可以推测《武王践祚》的原初结构,并不包括武王勒铭段。从文献体裁及文章内容看,甲本及传世本的这一段文字,应是合编自其他文献。《武王践祚》三个本子的比较研究显示,早期文献在流传过程中,不仅存在着文字的增饰、丢失与改动等现象,同时还存在着同种文献不同形态的合编整理甚至是不同文献的合并现象。这对我们认识早期文献形成及流传的特殊性,并进而讨论早期文献的史料价值,无疑具有重要的参考意义。Wuwang Jian Zuo, published in Chu Bamboo Slips of the Warring States Period in Shanghai Museum Collection(Seven), includes actually two kinds of bamboo slip editions of the Warring States period(Jia edtion and Yi edition). The received edition of Wuwang Jian Zuo is a combination of these two kinds of bamboo slip editions. Compared with Jia edition on narrative and the characters used in the text, Yi edition is closer to the original record, hence the earlier. The comparision indicates also that there is not direct inheritance relationship between these two bamboo slip editions, which should be two different text forms developed from two different inheritance systems. By reference to Yi edition, the original text construction of Wuwang Jian Zuo could be speculated without the last paragraph in which Wuwang made maxim inscriptions on his house furnishings. This last paragraph of the received edition and the Jia edition should be combined with another literature considering its content and its text style. The comparative study among these three editions of Wuwang Jian Zuo shows that in the inheritance process of the early literature, there existed not only changes of characters such as increasing, missing and modification, but also compilation of different text forms of the same literature and even combination of different literatures. This knowledge may be very helpful to our cognization on the speciality of the forming and spreading of the early literature and its value as historical materials.

关 键 词：《武王践祚》 文本 简本 传世本 

分 类 号：K224[历史地理—历史学]