半喂入式花生摘果机的设计与性能测试  

Design and performance testing of the half-feed peanut picker

作　　者：吕小莲[1,2] 胡志超[1] 张延化[1] 王伯凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014 [2]滁州学院机械与电子工程学院,滁州239000

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2015年第3期124-129,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51375247);安徽省自然科学基金项目(1408085ME103)

摘　　要：为满足花生分段收获机械化生产的需要,在对中国现有花生摘果装置系统分析的基础上,设计一种半喂入式花生摘果机。该机传动系统采用柴油机为动力源,具有2条传动系统分支,分别为夹持输送装置传动系统和摘果装置传动系统;摘果装置为叶片式双辊筒差相组配结构形式,倾斜配置安装;夹持输送装置采用单夹持链与输送导轨相夹紧的结构。通过摘果性能试验,测试摘果滚筒转速大小、夹持输送速度对花生荚果摘净率、破损率的影响。测试结果表明:摘果滚筒转速对摘净率及破碎率影响均极为显著,夹持输送速度对摘净率的影响为极显著,而对破损率影响不显著,设计的摘果机在作业条件下,各项性能指标均能较好地满足半喂入式摘果机具的质量要求。In order to meet the need of partition harvest and picking of peanut, a kind of half feeding type peanut picker was designed through the investigation on the present situation of peanut production mechanization and picking methods in China. The structure and working principle of the half feeding type peanut picker were briefly introduced. The power of the transmission system adopts a diesel engine. The transmission system has two branches, which is respectively clamping and conveying trans- mission system and picking transmission system. The picking device adopts the differential phase matc- hing structure of the two blade type picking roller, and the roller is inclined configuration installation. The clamping and conveying device adopts the clamping structure of the single clamping chain coordina- ted with conveyor guide. Through the performance test of the picker, the influences of the roller rotate speed and clamping and conveying speed to peanut picking rate and picking breakage rate are tested. The test results showed that the influence of the picking roller rotate speed was extremely significant to pea- nut picking rate and picking breakage rate; the influence of the clamping and conveying speed is signifi- cant to peanut picking rate, but is not significant to peanut picking breakage rate; on the condition of the working requirements, all performance indexes of the peanut picking machine can satisfactorily meet the operation quality requirements of the half-feed peanut picker. The research played a significantly practical guiding role in the design of the new type half-feed peanut picker, and can provide technical foundation for designing peanut harvesting machinery in the future.

关 键 词：花生摘果机 传动系统 结构参数 性能 

分 类 号：S225.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]