基于GIS的三门峡市苹果种植气候适宜性区划  

Climate Suitability Zoning of Apple Planting based on GIS in Sanmenxia

作　　者：吉志红[1,2] 陈敏[1,2] 张心令[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局.河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,郑州450003 [2]三门峡市气象局,河南三门峡472000 [3]河南农业大学,郑州450002 [4]河南省气象局,郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2015年第1期61-66,共6页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室开放研究基金项目(AMF201205)资助

摘　　要：为了探明三门峡市苹果气候适应性及种植规模扩展空间,利用三门峡、灵宝、卢氏、渑池4个县级气象站点和苹果种植区及周边19个区域多要素气象站点资料,依据海拔高度将苹果种植区划分为塬区、浅山区和中山区3种区域,运用模糊隶属度评价各区气候因子,筛选出年均气温、年降水量、6—8月平均气温作为区划指标,针对不同气候要素采用克立格或反距离权重的GIS方法进行小网格插值,最终形成精细化的三门峡市苹果种植气候适宜性区划图。区划结果表明:最适宜区多位于三门峡市中部和中南部,适宜区多位于东部和北部,不适宜区为北部边缘地带。当前三门峡市苹果种植主要分布于灵宝中部、南部和陕县西南部,是苹果的主产区和优质区;其他未开展苹果种植的卢氏县北部、陕县东南部处于最适宜区域,渑池县大部分处于适宜区,是未来苹果种植面积扩展的首选地区,但尚需综合考虑土壤、地形、气候等因素对苹果品质的影响。Aimed to investigate the climate suitability and potential expansion space of apple-planting in Sanmenxia, the meteorological observation data were collected, including four county meteorological observing stations （Sanmenxia, Lingbao, Lushi, Mianchi） and nineteen regional muhifactor automatic weather stations in or surround the planting area. According to the altitude, apple-planting area was zoned plateau area, shallow mountain area and mountain area. Using the fuzzy membership degree to evaluate the climatic factors, the paper selected out the annual mean temperature, annual precipitation and average temperature of June, July and August as regionalization index. In order to get the fine regionalization map of apple-planting climate suitability, the Kriging or the IDW GIS method was used to small grid interpolation method according to different meteorological factors. The map showed that： the most suitable planting areas were located in the middle and south central, the next were the eastern and north- ern area of Sanmenxia, unsuitable planting areas were the northern fringes. Currently, most of the appleplanting areas are located in the middle and south of Lingbao county and the southwest of Shanxian county, which are the main producing and high quality apple-planting areas. As the suitable planting area of the three areas, including northern Lushi county, southeast of Shanxian county and most of Mianchi county, have great potential to expand the apple-planting area, but the impact of the soil, topography and climate on apple quality must be considered.

关 键 词：苹果 气候 适宜性 地理信息系统 区划 

分 类 号：S162.2[农业科学—农业气象学]