存在气流时消声器传声损失的数值计算  

Numerical Calculation of Transmission Loss of Muffler with Airflow

作　　者：杨杰[1] 覃国周[1] 刘万里[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆车辆检测研究院国家客车质量监督检验中心,重庆401122

出　　处：《车辆与动力技术》2015年第1期42-46,共5页Vehicle & Power Technology

摘　　要：以轴对称式单扩张腔消声器为例,在推导存在气流时消声器传声损失计算模型的基础上,利用有限元法、计算流体力学方法和计算气动声学方法,对其传声损失进行了数值计算,探讨了声源、气流速度和插入管长度的影响,并通过与试验对比验证了模型和计算方法的正确性.研究表明:传声损失同时受到声源和气流的耦合作用,且随流速升高下降明显,高速气流是引起消声器消声性能下降的主要原因.考虑噪声源的频率特征并适当增加插入管长度在一定程度上可以提高消声器的消声性能.Taking the axisymmetric and single expansion chamber muffler as an example and on the base of the derivation of calculation model of transmission loss of muffler with airflow,spectrum characteristics of transmission loss of muffler are calculated numerically by using the Finite Element Method, Computational Fluid Dynamics and Computational Aeroacoustics.The Influence of sound source,airflow velocity and insert tube length on transmission loss is discussed,and is compared with experimental result to verify the correctness of the model and numerical calculation method.The results show that, transmission loss will be affected by coupling effect of sound source and airflow velocity,and it reduced obviously with the increaseing of airflow velocity,high-speed airflow is the main reason that causes the decrease of acoustic attenuation performance of muffler,and will be improved in some degree by considering the frequency characteristics of sound source and increasing the insert tube length properly.

关 键 词：消声器 传声损失 气流 数值计算 

分 类 号：TK411.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]