新加坡环境风险管控对我国城市规划的启示  

Enlightenment of the Environmental Risk Control in Singapore to the Urban Plan in China

作　　者：冉丽君[1] 周学双[1] 童莉[1] 郭森[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2015年第2期7-10,共4页Safety and Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：新加坡作为世界上人口密度最高的国家之一,有限的土地上承载了多个大型石化企业,不仅拥有世界第三大炼油中心和重要的石化中心,还被誉为"花园城市",这与其在重工业发展过程中重视环境风险管控密不可分。概述了新加坡先进的环境风险管控理念,分析了我国在环境风险管控方面存在的突出问题,即在规划源头缺乏环境管制、不同用地类型环境功能不相容、各地化工园区泛滥且产业布局混乱;指出新加坡从规划源头控制环境风险的先进理念对我国土地利用规划和环境风险管控具有一定的启示作用,并建议我国在规划源头增加明确的环境风险管控要求,根据环境风险实施土地使用类型的梯级过渡,规定强制隔离要求,针对现有城市建设和规划开展环境安全评估,全面推进化学品项目及园区的管理、清理和整顿。Singapore is one of the most densely populated countries in the world, owning the world＇s thirdlargest oil refining center and important petrochemical center. There are a number of large petrochemical companies on the very limited land,but Singapore is still known as the ＂Garden City＂ due to attaching importance to environmental risk management in the process of industrial development. This paper summarizes the concept of environmental risk control in Singapore, and analyzes the problems in the environmental risk control of China. There are lack of environmental risk control mechanisms in land use planning and urban planning in China;different land types have different requirements for the environment, but actually different land types are not compatible with the environment; the layout of a large number of hazardous chemicals industrial parks in chaos. At the end the paper points out that the concept of controlling environ mental risk from sources in Singapore enlightens the land use planning and environmental risk control in China, and it suggests that the government of Chinas should add the requirements of environmental risk control in the land use planning and urban planning, implement the cascade transition of land use types according to the requirements of environmental risk control,and stipulate enforced isolation requirements, carry out environmental safety assessment, and what＇s more, in view of the existing urban construction and planning,comprehensively promote the management and clean-up of chemical projects and parks.

关 键 词：环境风险管控 新加坡 城市规划 环境安全 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]