东寨港红树林湿地沉积物和秋茄中重金属的富集特征  

Accumulation and Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Mangrove Wetland and Kandelia candel in Dongzhai Harbor

作　　者：季一诺 赵志忠[1] 吴丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学地理与旅游学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2015年第2期66-73,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41261062);海南省重点科技计划项目(2DXM20130021)

摘　　要：以海南岛东寨港红树林湿地沉积物和红树植物秋茄为研究对象,分析了重金属元素(Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn和As)在红树林湿地沉积物和秋茄(根、茎和叶)组织内的含量和分布特征。结果表明:与世界其他红树林湿地相比,重金属含量在东寨港红树林湿地沉积物和秋茄中均处于较低水平;7种目标重金属元素(除Ni外)在红树林湿地沉积物中的含量均低于生物影响效应中位值(ERM),并未达到对红树林生态系统有害的程度,但受人类活动影响,沉积物中Cd、As等在部分样点污染指数(PI)达到了高污染水平等级;红树植物秋茄体内的重金属与周围沉积物中重金属浓度关系密切;基于重金属生物富集系数(BCF)和转运系数(TF),大部分重金属的计算值是偏低的(<1),这说明秋茄并非一种高效的重金属富集植物。总之,东寨港红树林湿地受人类活动影响有限,重金属污染程度较低,这与海南岛以农业和旅游业为主,工业污染相对较弱有关。This paper analyzes the content and distribution of heavy metals （Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and As） in sediments and mangrove plant（Kandelia candel） organizations （leaves, stems and roots） in Dongzhai Harbor, Hainan Island. The results show that compared with the world typical mangrove wetland, the contents of heavy metals in sediments and Kandelia candel are at a low level;the contents of seven kinds of target metals （excluding Ni） in sediment are lower than the biological effect range median （ERM） ,which dose not cause significant harm to the mangrove ecosystem;the integrated pollution index （PI） values of Cd,As, etc achieve a high level of contamination at some sites in sediment, the contents of heavy metals in Kandelia candel tissues are closely related to the contents of heavy metals in sediments around;based hio concentration factors （BCF） and translocation factors （TF）, the majority of the values of bio-concentration factors （BCF） and translocation factors （TF） are lower than 1, which indicates that Kandelia candel is not an efficient hyperaccumulator. In general, low levels of heavy metal contents of mangrove wetland in Dongzhai Harbor, are the results of the fact that agriculture and tourism are the leading industries in Hainan Island.

关 键 词：重金属污染 红树林湿地 沉积物 秋茄 海南东寨港 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]