原油常压蒸馏工艺条件优化研究  

Optimization on atmospheric distillation process for crude oil

作　　者：孙智慧[1] 刘安[1] 范峥[2] 高明明[1] 赵欢娟 黄洁[1] 李稳宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学化工学院,陕西西安710069 [2]西安石油大学化工学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化学工程》2015年第3期74-78,共5页Chemical Engineering(China)

摘　　要：为了提高原油性质发生较大变化时常压蒸馏装置的经济效益,对常压装置操作条件、产品性质和总体能耗等进行了对比分析及优化。对脱盐温度进行优化试验,确定了最优温度范围130—135℃,提高了电脱盐效率;对导向浮阀塔板和F1型浮阀塔板的流体力学(干板压降和板效率)进行对比计算,改用了压降小,效率高、操作弹性大的高效塔盘导向浮阀塔板,提高了柴油产率,降低了装置能耗;对全塔回流热平衡、热分布进行计算,在常压塔第6层增设一中段回流,回收热量27.52×106k J/h,折合标油全年节约4 880 t。In order to improve the economic efficiency of the atmospheric distillation unit when the crude nature has a major change, the operating conditions, nature of the product and overall energy consumption were analyzed and optimized. By doing experiment to optimize desalting temperature, the optimal temperature range of 130-135 ℃was determined, which could improve the efficiency of electric desahing; the hydrodynamic （pressure drop and plate efficiency） contrast calculations of guide float valve and F1 float valve were performed, choosing the guide float valve with low pressure drop, high efficiency and operating flexibility, thus enhancing diesel oil yield, and reducing energy consumption. The whole tower reflux heat balance, heat distribution were calculated, adding circulating reflux unit at the 6th floor of atmospheric tower and recovery heat 27.52× 10^6 kJ/h, equivalent to fuel oil 4 880 t saved per year.

关 键 词：常压装置 操作条件 能耗 节能措施 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]