孕期合理膳食对降低巨大胎儿出生率的影响  

Influence of Rational Diet During Pregnancy on Reducing the Natality of Macrosomia

作　　者：文莉[1] 张波[2] 易念华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省妇幼保健院妇女保健科,武汉430070 [2]广州军区武汉总医院呼吸内科,武汉430070

出　　处：《医学综述》2015年第7期1302-1304,共3页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的探究孕期合理膳食对降低巨大胎儿出生率的影响。方法选取2012年6月至2014年5月在湖北省妇幼保健院门诊进行定期产检的516例孕妇作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为两组,其中进行合理膳食指导的孕妇208例作为观察组,同等条件下接受常规膳食指导的208例孕妇作为对照组。对比两组孕妇剖宫产率、体质量增长情况及新生儿出生体质量。结果观察组孕妇剖宫产率以及巨大胎儿出生率显著低于对照组[46.2%比67.8%,2.4%比7.2%,P<0.01或P<0.05];观察组自然分娩总产程,孕妇分娩前BMI增加值,胎儿出生体质量显著低于对照组[(6.8±2.3)h比(7.9±3.1)h,(5.6±1.3)kg/m2比(6.4±1.4)kg/m2,(3128±798)g比(3301±813)g,P<0.05或P<0.01]。结论孕期合理膳食可有效地控制孕妇体质量增长过快、降低剖宫产率以及巨大胎儿出生率,建议产妇应该注意孕期合理膳食。Objective To study the influence of rational diet during pregnancy on reducing the natality of macrosomia.Methods A total of 516 pregnant women underwent regular prenatal examination in Wuhan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Center from Jun.2012 to May 2014 were selected as research objects,and were divided into two groups by random number table method：208 pregnant women who received rational diet guidance as the observation group,meanwhile,the other 208 cases of pregnant women who received conventional diet guidance as the control group.Cesarean section rate,weight gain and neonatal birth weight of the two groups were compared.Results The cesarean section rate and the natality rate of macrosomia of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group [46.2% vs 67.8%,2.8% vs4.6%,P〈0.01 or P〈0.05]; the whole spontaneous delivery time,the added value of maternal BMI before delivery,the neonatal birth weight of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group[（6.8 ±2.3） h vs（7.9 ±3.1） h,（5.6 ±1.3） kg/m2vs（6.4 ± 1.4） kg/m2,（3128 ± 798） g vs（3301 ±813） g,P〈0.05 or P〈0.01].Conclusion Rational diet during pregnancy can effectively control the weight growth of pregnant woman,and reduce the rate of cesarean section and natality of macrosomia,therefore,it is suggested that the pregnant women should pay attention to the rational diet during pregnancy.

关 键 词：孕期 合理膳食 巨大胎儿率 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]