上海某区足月新生儿低出生体重的影响因素分析  

Influencing Factors of Full-Term Infants with Low Birth Weight in a District of Shanghai

作　　者：余峰[1,2] 黄晓霞[2] 尉敏琦[2] 王健[2] 周热娜[2] 朱鸿雁[2] 

机构地区：[1]闵行区江川社区卫生服务中心,上海200240 [2]闵行区疾病预防控制中心,上海201101

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2015年第4期289-295,共7页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：比尔和梅琳达.盖茨基金会资助项目(编号:GHI-CTPXM0901)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨孕期健康及行为相关因素对足月新生儿低出生体重的影响。[方法]采用队列研究,将上海某区孕期〈20周的孕早期妇女纳入队列,最后分娩单胎足月活产儿的孕妇共2 768人。采用χ^2检验和logistic回归分析孕期被动吸烟、文化程度、经济状况等因素和低出生体重的关系。[结果]在2 768名产妇中,有1 284人（46.4%）至少在孕早期或孕晚期有二手烟暴露的情况,孕妇低身高（模型1：OR=0.9,95%CI为0.840-0.996;模型2：OR=0.9,95%CI为0.860-0.998）及怀孕后患有疾病（模型1：OR=2.7,95%CI为1.1-6.5;模型2：OR=2.7,95%CI为1.1-6.6）会增加发生低出生体重儿的风险,孕早期或孕晚期的被动吸烟史对胎儿的出生体重没有影响。[结论]本研究并未发现孕期被动吸烟与胎儿低出生体重发生率之间的关联。[Objective] To evaluate the effect of health and behavior relevant influencing factors during pregnancy on newborn＇s weight. [Methods] Pregnant women from a district of Shanghai with less than 20 gestation weeks were enrolled in a cohort study. A total of 2 768 pregnant women gave birth to single live full-term neonates. The relationships between second-hand smoke（SHS） exposure, educational level, and economic status and low birth weight were analyzed by χ^2 test and logistic regression model. [Results] Of the 2 768 pregnant women studied, 1 284（46.4%） were exposed to SHS at least in the first or third trimester. Maternal short stature（Model 1： OR=0.9, 95%CI 0.840-0.996; Model 2： OR=0.9, 95%CI 0.860-0.998） and suffering from diseases during pregnancy（Model 1： OR=2.7, 95%CI 1.1-6.5; Model 2： OR=2.7, 95%CI 1.1-6.5） increased the risk of low birth weight. No significant difference was identified in newborn＇s low birth weight between maternal SHS exposure or not in the first or third trimester. [Conclusion] There is no evidence suggesting an association between mother＇s SHS exposure during pregnancy and newborn＇s low birth weight.

关 键 词：孕妇 被动吸烟 文化程度 家庭环境 足月新生儿 低出生体重 

分 类 号：R172[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]