三维鱼道水力特性及鱼体行进能力数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation on Three-Dimensional Fishway Hydrodynamics and Fish Passage Energetics

作　　者：高东红[1] 刘亚坤[1] 高梦露[1] 孙洪亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学水利工程学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《水利与建筑工程学报》2015年第2期103-109,共7页Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51479022);国家自然科学基金(51179021)

摘　　要：为研究鱼道的水力学特性,本研究采用Fluent商用软件包详细展示了3D鱼道计算流体动力学模型。该模型以三维雷诺平均N-S方程为理论基础,采用群理论重整化的(RNG)k-ε紊流模型闭合方程,配合体积分辨率法(VOF)来描述鱼道流体力学特性。模型结果表明鱼道内部强烈的3D速度场,伴随有涡流、流动分离、漩涡、上升流和下降流等现象,并基于鱼种上溯的爆发游速,计算成年粉红鲑鱼在流场中逆流上溯所受到的阻力与能量损耗,数值计算结果与前人研究成果吻合度较高。能量消耗的定量分析对于鱼道的优化设计、渔业管理都具有很好的借鉴意义。A three-dimensional（ 3D） computational fluid dynamics model（ CFD） of a verticalslot fishway was used to characterize fishway hydrodynamics in the use of Fluent in this paper. The model solved the three dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations,closed with the renormalized group theory（ RNG） k-ε turbulence formulation and volume of fraction（ VOF） method. Model results showed that a strong 3D velocity field existed in the fishway,with eddies,flow separations,vortices,upwellings and downwellings. In addition,based on the burst swimming speeds of fish species,the simulated flow-field results were employed to calculate the force acting on the adult pink salmon and the energy expenditure of the fish. The numerical results agreed well with previous research.The quantification of energy expenditure in the fishways could be utilized for optimizing the design,operation,and management of fishways.

关 键 词：竖缝式鱼道 紊流模型 VOF 能量损耗 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]