白头鹎对季节性驯化和温度适应的生理反应  

Physiological responses in Chinese bulbuls to seasonal acclimatization and temperature acclimation

作　　者：夏素素 杨芳[1] 王润梅[1] 郑蔚虹[1,2] 赵志军[1,2] 柳劲松[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,温州325035 [2]温州大学应用生态研究所,温州325035

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第7期2349-2359,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31070366;31470472);浙江省自然科学基金(LY13C030005);浙江省新苗人才计划项目部分资助(2014R424032)

摘　　要：在自然环境中,有机体某一特性的可塑性变化在适应和功能方面是非常重要的。以成年白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)为研究对象,分别在野外驯化条件和实验室温度适应条件下测定静止代谢率(RMR)、蒸发失水率(EWL)和代谢活性器官的重量,同时测定肝脏及肌肉的线粒体呼吸和细胞色素C氧化酶活力(COX)。野外季节性驯化在冬季和夏季时测定;实验室温度适应分为2组,分别在10℃和30℃下适应4周后进行测定。结果显示,与夏季驯化和暖适应组相比,冬季驯化和冷适应组RMR和EWL较高、代谢活性器官较重,线粒体呼吸速率和COX活性显著增加;器官重量和细胞产热能力的适应性变化可能是导致了RMR适应性调节。结果表明,白头鹎可以表现出对季节性驯化和温度适应的生理反应,利用这种能力应付野外环境温度的波动。生理能量特性的可塑性是鸟类能量代谢的共同特征。Measuring an organism＇s response to a changing environment can yield an insight into the adaptive value of phenotypic adjustments. However, it is not clear how an organism translates seasonal acclimatization to temperature acclimation. In the present study, we measured resting metabolic rate （ RMR）, evaporative water loss （EWL） and internal organ masses in seasonal acclimatized adult Chinese bulbuls （Pycnonotus sinensis ） that were captured in winter and summer, and bulbuls that were acclimated to 10℃ （ cold ） and 30% （ warm ） in laboratory for four weeks. We also measured state 4 respiration and cytochrome c oxidase （ COX ） activity in liver and muscle of these birds. RMR was measured using an open-circuit respirometry system. State 4 respiration and COX activity in liver and muscle mitochondria were determined at 30℃ using a Clark electrode. Winter- and cold-acclimated birds showed significantly higher RMR, EWL and internal organ masses, as well as state 4 respiration and COX activity than their summer- and warm-acclimated counterparts. The adaptive adjustment of organ masses and cellular thermogenesis might partly contribute to the variability of RMR. The findings suggest that Chinese bulbuls exhibit adaptive adjustments in some physiological and biochemical traits in response to changes in seasonal environment and the changes in temperature only, which can be employed to cope with fluctuations in environmental conditions. These data test the hypothesis that physiological flexibility in energetic traits is acommon feature of avian metabolism.

关 键 词：白头鹎 温度适应 季节性驯化 生理反应 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]