哈密地区居民自评健康状况调查及其影响因素研究  

Self- evaluated Health Condition and Its Influencing Factors of Residents in Hami Area

作　　者：崔俊营[1] 唐景霞[1] 秦江梅[2] 张艳春[2] 陈英[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院预防医学系,新疆石河子市832000 [2]卫生部卫生发展研究中心

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第8期928-932,共5页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的调查哈密地区居民自评健康状况,分析其影响因素。方法利用2013年哈密地区进行的卫生服务调查数据,采用多阶段(城乡、街道或乡镇、社区或村)分层整群随机抽样法,在哈密市、巴里坤哈萨克自治县和伊吾县共抽取1 845户(城市928户、农村917户)15岁及以上4 371名居民进行调查。采用欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)进行调查,采用二分类两水平Logistic回归模型对居民自评健康状况进行分析,两水平分别为个体和街道(乡镇)。结果 4 371名居民自评健康得分平均为(79.1±14.4)分,自评健康良好2 978名(68.1%),自评健康不良1 393名(31.9%)。自评健康良好与自评健康不良者体检比例、样本点类型比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两者性别、年龄、婚姻状况、民族、文化程度、就业状况、家庭人均年收入、两周病伤、半年慢病、健康指数、参加保险、参加锻炼、吸烟、饮酒、地区比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归模型结果显示,两周病伤、半年慢病、健康指数得分、家庭人均年收入、样本点类型、民族、年龄、婚姻状况、就业状况、文化程度是影响哈密地区居民自评健康的因素(P<0.05)。结论哈密地区居民自评健康存在街道(乡镇)水平上的聚集性,影响自评健康的因素较多,自评健康可以作为有价值的健康测量工具。Objective To investigate the self- evaluated health status and influence factors of residents in Hami area.Methods Based on the Hami health services survey in 2013,4 371 residents over 15 from 1 845 families including 928 urban and 917 rural were selected from Hami,Ba likunhasake Autonomous County and Yiwu County by the multi- phase（ urban-rural,street / township, community / village） stratified cluster random sampling method. They were investigated by European Five Dimensional Health Scale（ EQ- 5D） and their self- evaluated health status was analyzed by two levels of Binary Logistic regression model： one was individual and the other was street / township. Results The mean score of self- evaluated health was（ 79. 1 ± 14. 4）. 2 978（ 68. 1%） and 1 393（ 31. 9%） residents evaluated their health status as good and poor respectively.The differences in physical examination ratio and sample points types between them were not significant（ P 0. 05）; the differences in gender,age,marital status,ethnic,educational background,employment status,annual income per capita,diseases and injuries in two weeks,chronic disease in half a year,health index,buying insurance,participating in physical exercises,smoking,drinking,areas were all significant（ P 0. 05）. Two- level Logistic model indicated that injuries and diseases in the past two weeks,chronic disease in half a year,health index score,annual income per capita,type of sample,ethnic,age,marital status,employment status,educational background were the influencing factors（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion The self- evaluated health has street（ village） level aggregation and is affected by various factors. Self- evaluated health is a valuable tool to measure health.

关 键 词：自评健康 多水平分析 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R194.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]