WHO、印度、南非儿童基本药物目录与中国2012版基本药物目录的比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Essential Medicines Lists for Children of WHO,India,South Africa and National Essential Medicine List of China

作　　者：刘丹[1,2,3] 程静 张伶俐[1,2] 李幼平[5] 曾力楠[1,2] 张川[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院药学部/循证药学中心,成都610041 [2]出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,成都610041 [3]四川大学华西药学院,成都610041 [4]四川省基本药物集中采购服务中心,成都610000 [5]四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心,成都610041

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2015年第4期393-402,共10页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会(CMB)卫生政策循证研究合作项目"建立中国循证卫生决策方法学体系与数据共享平台"项目(编号:12-095);国家自然科学基金:中国儿童合理用药评价指标体系的循证研究(编号:81373381)

摘　　要：目的比较全球现有儿童基本药物目录与中国2012年版国家基本药物目录的异同,为建立中国儿童基本药物目录提供参考依据。方法计算机检索世界卫生组织(WHO)官网及英文、中文国家卫生部及药品监督管理部门网站,查找已颁布的儿童基本药物目录(essential medicine list for children,EMLc),对比各国EMLc与中国2012年版国家基本药物目录的更新情况、药物数量、分类、药物剂型等的异同。结果截至2013年8月,WHO、印度和南非已建立儿童基本药物目录。中国目录因未限制使用人群,数量居所有目录首位。WHO、印度和中国均采用药理学分类;南非采用解剖学、治疗学及化学分类法(anatomical therapeutic chemical,ATC)分类。除WHO外,印度、南非和中国目录均无新生儿用药和关节疾病用药分类。四版目录均以口服、注射和局部皮肤给药为主。WHO与印度目录有药物使用限制,南非、中国无使用限制。结论中国2012年版国家基本药物目录下药物种类与儿童疾病负担不适应、儿童适用剂型缺乏、未制定用药限制,此版目录于儿童适用性存在较大局限。Objective Comparing the worldwide Essential Medicines Lists for Children（EMLcs） and National Essential Medicine List（NEML） of China（2012 edition）, to provide evidence for establishing EMLc of China. Method We searched the official websites of WHO and Ministry of Health of some countries to identify published EMLcs. We compared the situation of updating, the number and classification of medicines, and the dosage forms between these EMLcs and NEML of China（2012）. Result By August 2013, the WHO, India and South Africa had established EMLc. The number of medicines of NEML of China（2012） ranked first in the four lists. The WHO, India and China classified the medicines by pharmacologic action, while South Africa classified it by anatomical therapeutic chemical（ATC） classification. Except the WHO, India, South Africa and China did not have specific medicines for neonatal care or medicines for diseases of joints. The main administration routes in these four lists were oral administration, injection, and topical application. There were medicine restrictions in EMLcs of WHO and India, while no medicine restrictions in lists of South Africa and China. Conclusion Medicines listed in NEML of China（2012） do not match children＇s disease burden of China. The applicable dosage forms for children are few and the medicine restrictions are absent for the list. So this list is not suitable for Children.

关 键 词：基本药物目录 儿童基本药物目录 比较研究 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]