纳秒脉冲下温度、频率对尼龙6电老化的影响  

Temperature and Frequency Influence on Electrical Tree Aging of Nylon 6 Under Nanosecond Pulses

作　　者：王涛[1,2,3] 王珏[1,2,3] 严萍[1,2,3] 冉慧娟[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院电力电子与电气驱动重点实验室,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100190

出　　处：《高电压技术》2015年第4期1334-1341,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：清华大学开放研究课题基金(SKLD12KM01)~~

摘　　要：尼龙6作为绝缘材料经过长时间运行后,绝缘性能会受老化的影响而劣化。目前对此类绝缘材料的研究多集中在常温和工频下,在ns脉冲条件下的研究较少。为了研究温度、频率对尼龙6中电树枝引发的影响,实验采用了固态ns脉冲发生器MPC50D为激励源,其具有30 ns的下降沿和70 ns的脉冲宽度;使用温度循环实验箱SP-80U控制实验温度。实验的温度设定为-40-60℃,频率设定为20-1 500 Hz。实验结果表明：温度对尼龙6中的电树枝引发电压有明显的影响,随温度的升高电树枝引发电压下降明显;频率对电树枝的影响并不明显,只在200 Hz以下出现了较明显的趋势;尼龙6、聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）和有机玻璃（PMMA）中的电树枝形态差异巨大,尼龙6中为丛林形,PTFE中为树枝形,PMMA中为层裂形;ns脉冲下击穿通道出现了放电引发的扇形结构。实验数据为尼龙6在ns脉冲下的绝缘应用提供了参考。After in service as insulation for a long time, Nylon 6＇s insulation properties will degrade due to aging. Most of the researches focused on the AC and room temperature conditions whereas little attention is paid to the nanosecond pulses conditions. To investigate the temperature and frequency effect on the electrical tree inception in nylon 6, we conducted a number of experiments. A solid-state pulse generator MPC50 D was used as source supply to export nanosecond pulses with rise time of 30 ns and full width at half maximum of 70 ns. Temperature and humidity tester chamber SP-80 U was used to control the temperature within-40-60 ℃. The frequency was set to 20-1 500 Hz. The results showed that electrical tree inception voltage increases with decreasing temperature. Frequency hardly affects the inception voltage unless it is less than 200 Hz. The shapes of electrical trees in Nylon 6, polytetrafluoroethylene（PTFE） and polymethylmethacrylate（PMMA） differ a lot from each other： the electrical tree is bush-like in Nylon 6, tree-like in PTFE, and crack-like in PMMA. Moreover, sector structures were observed in the breakdown paths under nanosecond pulses. The results of these experiments could be used as reference in insulation designs.

关 键 词：尼龙6 电树枝 NS脉冲 电老化 PTFE PMMA 

分 类 号：TM21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]