云南泸定百合野生居群的核型研究  

Karyotypes of Wild Populations of Lilium sargentiae from Yunnan Province

作　　者：段青[1] 王祥宁[1] 崔光芬[1] 贾文杰[1] 马璐琳[1] 王继华[1] 杜文文[1] 吴丽芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南省花卉育种重点实验室,昆明650205

出　　处：《农业科技与信息（现代园林）》2015年第4期324-325,共2页Modern Landscape Architecture

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究青年项目;编号2012FD072;云南省科技计划项目(2012BB011);国家‘863’计划项目;编号2011AA100208;国家农业部‘948’项目;编号2011-G17;国务院农科教体系项目;编号A302014018

摘　　要：用常规压片法对云南省境内的12个泸定百合（Lilium sargentiae Wilson）野生居群进行了核型分析研究,以便为这些野生居群的进化、遗传变异和育种应用提供依据。结果表明：12个泸定百合野生居群全部为二倍体,染色体基数为12,共有24条染色体,无B染色体,核型类型均为3A。第1、2对染色体均为具中部（m）或具近中部（sm）着丝点的大型染色体,且第1对染色体上均具有随体。各个居群的染色体组成、随体数、随体位置、臂比、染色体长度比及核型不对称系数均有差异。从核型公式来看,可以分为两大类：一类是由2对具有中部（m）或具近中部（sm）着丝点的大型染色体以及10对具近端部（st）和端部（t）着丝点染色体组成,包括石坎居群、双河居群、石林居群、马关居群、龙陵居群和泸西居群等6个居群;另一类是由2对具有中部（m）或具近中部（sm）着丝点的大型染色体、1对具近中部（sm）着丝点染色体和9对具近端部（st）和端部（t）着丝点染色体组成,包括大关居群、旧城居群、扎西居群、文山居群、西畴居群和师宗居群。各居群的随体数为3～6个,主要分部在第1、2、6、8对染色体的短臂上。各居群的染色体长1.64～1.92,臂比6.41～8.24,核型不对称系数较高,在78.66%～82.05%之间,从高到低可以将12个居群排列为：马关居群〉石坎居群〉龙陵居群〉旧城居群〉石林居群=泸西居群〉双河居群〉西畴居群=师宗居群〉大关居群〉文山居群〉扎西居群,都属于不对称性较强的类型。聚类结果表明,当阈值取1.04时,可以将12个居群分为3类：第Ⅰ类包括大关居群、扎西居群和文山居群,它们的核型不对称系数和臂比值相对最低,且它们均是由2对具有中部（m）或具近中部（sm）着丝点的大型染色体、1对具近中部（sm）着丝点染色体和9对具近端部（st）和端部（t）着丝点染�Karyological study of 12 wild populations of Lilium sargentiae Wilson from Yunnan Province was carried out by traditional squashing and pressing method. The results were the following. The base number of chromosome in L. sargentiae was 12（x = 12）. All of the 12 wild populations were diploid（2n = 2x =24）with a karyotype of 3A and without B chromosome. The first and second pairs of their chromosomes were either large median chromosomes（m）or large submedian chromosomes（sm）. All the first pairs of chromosomes of the 12 populations had satellite chromosomes. The Karyotype asymmetry coefficient（As.K%）of the 12 populations were from 78.66% to 82.05%,which indicated the karyotype of L.sargentiae was asymmetrical and advanced. The As.K% of 12 populations of L. sargentiae from high to low was as follows：Maguan population Shikan population Longling population Jiucheng population Shilin population = Luxi population Shuanghe population Xichou population = Shizong population Daguan population Wenshan population Zhaxi population,which might reflect the intraspecific evolution relationships among populations in this species. The 12 populations of L. sargentiae could be divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis when the threshold was 1.04. The above results indicated that the chromosome number of L. sargentiae was stable,and the chromosome variation among populations was generally coming from structure variation. The 12 populations had obvious differences in the composition of chromosomes,the number and distribution of satellite chromosomes,arm ratio,chromosome length ratio and As.K%. There were obvious karyological variations among populations of L. sargentiae.

关 键 词：泸定百合 居群 染色体 核型 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]