东北地区中低产田时空分布特征及其改良措施  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Improvement Measures of Middle and Low Yielding Fields in the Northeast Region

作　　者：方琳娜[1] 陈印军[1] 刘时东 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区域研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《吉林农业科学》2015年第2期57-61,共5页Journal of　Jilin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD05B01);农业部发展计划司课题(415-4)

摘　　要：为掌握东北地区中低产田现状,了解中低产田时空分布特征,以东北地区黑龙江、吉林、辽宁3省作为研究对象,通过产量法划分中低产田,对1990、1995、2000、2005、2010年5个年份的中低产田面积、空间分布变化规律进行分析。结果表明,2010年相比1990年,东北地区中产田面积增加97.2万hm2,低产田面积减少111.1万hm2;中产田分布区域由中部向西南部扩展,低产田主要分布在北部地区,零星分布在辽东丘陵地区的低产田呈减少趋势。农业自然灾害、农业生产要素投入及农业技术是导致中低产田空间变化的主要因素。采取改善农业生产条件、提高土地利用效率、动态监测耕地质量、调整农业产业结构等措施可提高东北地区中低产田质量,促进耕地资源可持续利用。In order to master the situation and spatial- temporal characteristics of middle and low yieldingfields in the northeast region, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning province were chosen as research areas, changes inarea and spatial-temporal distribution of middle and low yielding fields in 1990~2010 were analyzed using produc-tion method. The results showed that the middle field area increased by 972 000 hm2, low-yielding fields area de-creased by 1 111 000 hm2 from 1990 to 2010. Middle field distribution area expanded from the central to the south-west, most of the low yielding fields distributed in the northern region, few of them scattered in the hilly region of Li-aodong that showed a decreasing trend. There are many factors lead to spatial-temporal variation of the middle andlow yielding fields, which including natural disaster risk, agro-production factors input and agricultural technology.In the end, some measures to improve the quality of the middle and low yielding fields and promote sustainable useof farmland resources were put forward, such as improving agricultural production conditions, using land scientifical-ly, monitoring the quality of cultivated land dynamically and regulating the industrial agriculture.

关 键 词：东北地区 中低产田 改良措施 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]