玉米青枯病发生及其对产量因子影响调查研究  

Investigation on Occurrence of Maize Stalk Rot and Its Impact on Yield Components

作　　者：李石初 唐照磊[1,2] 杜青 农倩 磨康 

机构地区：[1]广西农科院玉米研究所,南宁530007 [2]华南农业大学,广州510642

出　　处：《吉林农业科学》2015年第2期64-67,共4页Journal of　Jilin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西玉米创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-07);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项基金资助项目(桂农科2013YZ21;桂农科2014YZ19)

摘　　要：通过调查研究,掌握广西玉米青枯病在生产上的发生情况及不同发病时期对玉米产量构成因子的影响,为防控该病害提供理论指导依据。研究方法：在广西玉米主产区定点进行病害发生情况调查,计算各地的平均发病率;对不同发病时期的玉米在成熟后收获考种测产,进行统计分析。结果表明：玉米青枯病在广西玉米主产区均有不同程度的发生,秋玉米发病较重,发病率3.5%~10.3%,春玉米发病较轻,发病率0.4%~9.8%;品种间抗病性存在差异性,抗病性最好品种是兆丰688,抗病性最差的品种是蠡玉16号,但同一品种在不同地方发病情况也不一样;发病时期对玉米产量构成因子影响达到显著或极显著水平。研究结论：广西玉米青枯病普遍存在,该病害发生流行规律是秋玉米病重于春玉米、南方玉米品种比北方玉米品种抗病;发病时期越早,对玉米产量构成因子影响越大。Through investigation research, occurrence of maize stalk rot in Guangxi and effect of occurrence ofthe disease at different stage on maize yield components was mastered. This provided the theoretical guidance basisfor the prevention and control the diseases. Method： selected fixed point in major corn producing areas of Guangxiand did diseases epidemic investigation, then calculated the average incidence. For different onset period of corn,harvested after mature and measured the yield. At last, statistical analysis was done. The results showed that maizestalk rot occurred in major corn producing areas of Guangxi to some extent. The incidence of disease on the autumnmaize was 3.5% to 10.3%, while the onset on spring maize was lighter, which incidence of disease was 0.4% to9.8%. There were differences in disease resistance of different varieties. The best disease resistant variety was Zha-ofeng 688, whereas the worst disease resistant variety was Liyu 16. But resistance of the same variety was differentin different places. Onset period of the disease affected maize yield components to a significant or extremely signifi-cant level. Conclusions： Maize stalk rot was widespread, and the disease epidemic trend was that disease of autumnmaize was more serious than spring corn. Southern maize varieties was more resistant than northern maize varieties.The earlier the onset period, the greater the effect on maize yield components.

关 键 词：青枯病 玉米 产量 调查 广西 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]