花后冠层温度对小麦产量的影响及几个关联SSR位点的效应分析  

Influence of Canopy Temperature(CT) During Grain-Filling Period on Yield and Effects of Several CT-Associated SSR Loci

作　　者：张冬玲[1] 张洪娜[1] 郝晨阳[1] 王兰芬[1] 李甜[1] 张学勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2015年第4期548-556,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-03B)资助

摘　　要：小麦生育期间的冠层温度,尤其是开花以后的冠层温度对植株衰老、粒重和品质等有很大影响。2012—2013和2013—2014年度,在河南新乡利用4个品种的选择导入系群体观测了冬小麦冠层温度与产量间的关系,并通过全基因组SSR标记检测相关主效基因位点,以解析其遗传机制。结果表明,冠层温度与千粒重和产量呈显著负相关;与有效穗数呈显著正相关,并随着时间的推移,相关性逐渐增大。在已报道的44个与千粒重或穗粒数相关联的SSR位点中,有9个与冠层温度显著关联,其中在6个位点上检测到优异等位变异,携带优异等位变异材料的冠层温度显著低于携带非优异等位变异材料的冠层温度。影响冠层温度的优异等位变异间存在明显的加性效应,这些位点同时也与千粒重和穗粒数呈现出显著关联。与冠层温度关联的SSR位点均与灌浆中后期旗叶的叶绿素含量相关联。由此表明,在灌浆后期良好的根系功能保证了水分和营养的正常供应,降低了冠层温度,而较低的冠层温度对叶绿素和光合起到了良好的保护作用,从而提高千粒重和增加籽粒产量。The canopy temperature （CT） during wheat growing period, especially after flowering, has a major impact on plant senescence, grain weight and quality. In this study, the relationship between CT and yield was analyzed using selected introgres- sion lines derived from more than 60 accessions of Chinese wheat mini core collection crossed and backcrossed by four wheat varieties. The CT was negatively correlated with thousand-kernel weight and kernel yield, and positively correlated with spike number per plant. The correlation coefficient gradually became larger in the process of time. Lower CT during later grain-filling protected chlorophyll and photosynthesis, increasing thousand-kernel weight （TKW） and yield. Among the 44 loci associated with grain number （GN） and TKW detected previously, nine were also associated with CT. Favored alleles were detected on six loci. The CTs of varieties containing favored alleles were lower than those of varieties containing other alleles. Obvious additive effect was found among favored alleles affecting CT. Several favored alleles showed pleiotropic genetic effects, such as decreasing CT, increasing chlorophyll content and kemel weight.

关 键 词：小麦 冠层温度 千粒重 关联分析 选择导入系 主效位点 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]