福建黄岐湾春、秋季浅海底栖生物群落结构特征  

Community structure characteristics of the epibenthos in spring and autumn in Huangqi Bay of Fujian

作　　者：刘勇[1] 叶泉土[1] 汤忠婷 游天福 曾志南[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013 [2]厦门绿之素环境与食品安全检测有限公司,福建厦门361022

出　　处：《福建水产》2015年第2期127-134,共8页Journal of Fujian Fisheries

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205021-01);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(ngcytx-47);国家科技基础条件平台建设项目(水产种质资源平台)

摘　　要：2012年04月、11月，2013年4月、11月，2014年4月先后对连江县黄岐湾海区进行浅海底栖生物调查，共鉴定出底栖生物10大门类198种，其中环节动物种类最多，有121种。五个航次都出现的生物种类只有8种。五个航次调查的浅海底栖生物生物量范围为13．503。27．092g／m^2，其中春季为18．142g／m^2，秋季为23．079g／m^2；栖息密度范围为208．3—2014．7ind／m^2，其中春季为1046．0ind／m^2，秋季为292．5ind／m^2。环节动物、棘皮动物生物量优势度在春、秋季交替出现；环节动物生物密度优势度在春、秋季均占据绝对优势。2012—12014年春、秋季优势种类年间变化较大。在五次调查中，只有2013年有采获经济种类，且种类不多，海区第一优势种均为环节动物多毛类。2012年4月和11月、2013年4月和11月及2014年4月黄岐湾浅海底栖生物物种多样性指数（H’）分别为3．909、3．250、3．780、3．441和4．156，表明调查海区的浅海底栖生物生态环境未受到污染或干扰。In April of 2012, 2013 and 2014, and in November of 2012 and 2013, the author had respectively conducted surveys of the epibenthos in Lianjiang Huangqi Bay. 10 phyla （ 198 species） of the epiben- thos were identified and the most of which were annulate （ 121 species）. There were only eight species appeared in the five surveys. In the five surveys, the range of biomass of the epibenthos was 13. 503 - 27.092 g/m^2, and the spring was 18. 142 g/m^2, the autumn was 23. 079 g/m^2. The range of abundance of the epibenthos was 208.3 - 2 014.7 ind/m^2, and the spring was 1 046.0 ind/m^2, the autumn was 292.5 ind/m^2. In biomass dominance, Annelida and Echinodermata occurred in spring and autumn alternatively. In abundance dominance, Annelida obviously predominated in spring and autumn. The dominant species changed greatly in spring and autumn during 2012 to 2014. In the five surveys, we only obtained the economic species in 2013, and the species was few. The first dominant species was Annelid polychaetes. In April and November of 2012, April and November of 2013, April of 2014, the average of diversity index （H ＇） were 3. 909, 3. 250, 3. 780, 3.441 and 4. 156, respectively, which indicated that the ecological environment of epibenthos in the survey regions was not polluted or disturbed.

关 键 词：浅海底栖生物 生物量 栖息密度 多样性 黄岐湾 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]