健康素养与老年居民基本公共卫生服务利用的关系研究  

Association between health literacy and utilization of basic public health services among urban elderly residents

作　　者：曾庆奇[1] 常春[1] 蒋莹[1] 袁雁飞[2] 温秀芹[3] 孙亚慧[4] 田丁[5] 王潇怀[6] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育系,北京100191 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心政策研究与健康传播中心,北京102206 [3]北京市西城区德胜社区卫生服务中心,北京100011 [4]北京市北京交通大学社区卫生服务中心,北京100044 [5]厦门市疾病预防控制中心,福建厦门361021 [6]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2014年第9期771-776,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(20110001110018)

摘　　要：目的了解城市老年居民的健康素养状况和基本公共卫生服务利用情况,探索健康素养与老年居民利用基本公共卫生服务的关系。方法采用两阶段整群系统抽样方法,对北京、宁波和厦门3城市的1947名65岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查。使用χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析健康素养与基本公共卫生服务利用的关系。结果 46.94%的调查对象建立了健康档案,41.35%能够利用健康教育服务。多变量Logistic回归结果显示,高健康素养与低健康素养者相比更倾向于建立健康档案（OR=1.573,95%CI：1.209~2.047）、接受健康教育（OR=1.308,95%CI：1.029~1.662）、接种流感疫苗（OR=1.691,95%CI：1.349~2.12）、参加免费体检（OR=1.544,95%CI：1.197~1.991）和生活方式指导（OR=2.401,95%CI：1.884~3.061）。结论健康素养水平可能影响到老年居民基本公共卫生服务的利用,建议开展更多旨在提高居民健康素养水平的活动,并减少低健康素养者利用基本公共卫生服务过程中的困难,进而增加居民对基本公共卫生服务的利用。Objective To understand status of health literacy among urban elderly residents and their utilization of essential public health services, and explore the association between health literacy on public health service utiliza- tion. Methods A two-staged cluster systematic sampling method was used to investigate 1947 elderly residents in Beijing, Ningbo and Xiamen. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression were adopted to analyze the association between health literacy and utilization of essential public health services. 46. 94% of them arehived health record, 41.35% of them utilized health education services. Results of muhivariable logistic regression indicated that elderly residents with adequate health literacy tended to utilize more services of health archive （OR = 1. 573, 95% CI： 1. 209 -2. 047 ）, health education （OR = 1. 308, 95% CI： 1. 029 - 1. 662）, influenza vaccine （ OR = 1. 691, 95% CI： 1. 349 - 2. 12）, health checkup （ OR = 1. 544, 95% CI： 1. 197 - 1. 991 ） and lifestyle guidance （ OR = 2. 401, 95% CI： 1. 884 - 3. 061 ）. Conclusion Health literacy may affect the utilization of essential public health service among elderly residents. More activity targeted on elderly residents with low health literacy was suggested to improve residents＇ health literacy and reduce difficulties in using services for increasing the utilization of essential public health services.

关 键 词：健康素养 基本公共卫生服务 老年居民 健康管理 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]