库车山地基于叠前偏移的观测系统优化设计技术  

Geometry Optimization Design Based on the Prestack Migration in Kuqa Mountain Land

作　　者：周翼[1] 周小伟[2] 张新东[1] 李涛[2] 姜翠苹[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司东方地球物理公司,河北涿州072751

出　　处：《非常规油气》2014年第3期1-5,共5页Unconventional Oil & Gas

摘　　要：由于勘探目标的逐步复杂化,叠前深度偏移已成为解决复杂山地地震成像问题的有力工具。库车前陆区是塔里木盆地天然气勘探最有利的地区,但其地表结构和地下构造都非常复杂,造成地震层位标定难,圈闭落实程度不高。基于水平叠加理论的常规观测系统优化设计技术已不能满足该地区的观测系统设计发展需求。通过建立库车山地层速度模型,开展波动方程正演,对正演数据进行叠前去噪分析,在克希霍夫叠前深度偏移处理的基础上完成了不同观测系统参数的量化分析,总结了该地区的观测参数,形成了一套复杂山地地震勘探基于叠前偏移的观测系统优化设计技术。将该技术应用在库车某山地三维勘探的设计中,通过对新采集资料的重新认识,目的层构造得到了准确的成像和精细的反映,能够满足该区精细落实复杂构造的需要。As the exploration targets are gradually complicated, prestack depth migration has become a powerful tool for solving complex mountainous seismic imaging, Kuqa foreland area is the most favorable gas exploration area in Tarim, but the structure of the earth＇s surface and subsurface structures are very complex, causing the seismic horizon calibration is difficult to implement, trap level is not high. Routine geometry optimization design technology based on the theory of hori- zontal stacking cannot meet the demand of the development of geometry design in Kuqa. In paper we establish interval ve- locity model in Kuqa area, carry out the wave equation forward, eliminate prestack data noise, finish pre-stack depth mi- gration processing and quantitative analysis to different geometry parameters. The technology of geometry optimization de- sign based on prestaek migration for complex seismic exploration is proposed. The technology is applied to the design of 3D exploration in Kuqa mountain land. Through the new interpret of the new data, the area has been accurate imaging and fine reflect, can meet the needs of complex structure to implement.

关 键 词：库车山地 模型正演 叠前偏移 观测系统 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]