高马赫飞行器迎风面与攻角对光学窗口周围流场的影响分析  

Analysis of the impact of windward and angle of attack to the flow field around the optical window on high Mach condition

作　　者：王乃祥[1,2] 徐钰蕾[1,2] 史磊[1,2] 程志峰[1,2] 姚园[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所中国科学院航空光学成像与测量重点实验室,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所航空成像与测量技术研究部,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2015年第4期1267-1272,共6页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国防预研项目

摘　　要：为了提高高马赫飞行下光学窗口的光学性能,对比分析了基于气动光学效应三种飞行器模型不同攻角的马赫数场、密度场、温度场和压力场的流场结构及对光学性能的影响。首先,根据飞行器与来流的迎风面,建立了三种飞行器典型模型;继而,给出了0°、5°和10°攻角飞行工况;然后,建立了基于Navier-Stokes方程和湍流模型的三种攻角流场分布;最后,对比分析了宽平头体飞行器中三种攻角温度场作用下的光学系统传递函数。结果表明,马赫数场与密度场、温度场与压力场分别具有相似分布形式;相同飞行速度和攻角下,大迎风面的飞行器光学窗口周围温度与压力较小迎风面大;相同飞行器,较大攻角对应较大流场强度,攻角为0°、5°和10°时传递函数分别为0.188,0.097和0.028。此分析结果可为高马赫飞行下光学窗口优化提供一定的理论依据。To improve the optical performance of optical window on the condition of high Mach flying,the structures of flight number field, density field, temperature field and pressure field corresponding to three kinds of aircraft on the angle of attack conditions on 0°, 5° and 10° were provided and compared in this paper, as well as the influence to the optical properties of optical system. Firstly, three typical kinds of aircraft models were established based on the windward area of the aircraft head; secondly, the flight conditions on the angle of attack of 0°, 5° and 10° as well as the flight initial environment were provided; then, according to the Navier-Stokes equation and the turbulent model, the flow field distributions corresponding to the three kinds of aircraft model on the conditions of 0 °, 5° and 10° were obtained and analyzed; finally, taking the optical system on the operating condition of the flat-head aircraft as an example, the Modulation Transfer Function（MTF） on the operating conditions of the three kinds of attack angle were compared and analyzed. By the analyzed results, the Mach field and the destiny field, the temperature field and press field have the same distribution respectively; in the same flight velocity and angle of attack, the optical window of the aircraft owning large windward side has larger temperature and press than the optical window of small windward side aircraft; being the same aircraft, the operating condition of larger angle of attack corresponds to large flow field around the optical window. When the angles of attack are 0 °, 5° and 10°, the values of MTF are 0.188, 0.097 and 0.028, respectively. The work of this study may provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of optical window on the operating condition of high Mach.

关 键 词：流场分析 高马赫 光学窗口 气动光学 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]