近地表吸收补偿在辽河油区地震资料中的应用  

Application of Near-surface Absorption and Compensation in Seismic Data of Liaohe Oilfield

作　　者：郭平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中油辽河油田分公司,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《特种油气藏》2015年第2期31-34,152,共4页Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)"地层滤波效应研究与提高分辨率"(2007CB209602)

摘　　要：针对近地表地震波吸收衰减导致的地震资料频散及子波横向不一致问题,先依据吸收衰减可造成数据频率改变这一特性,采用改进的峰值频率偏移法定量求取空变表层Q值;然后引入稳定补偿方法,有效限制了高频噪音,既可补偿吸收损失、调整相位,又不会放大高频噪音。将该方法应用于辽河油区的实际地震资料处理中,实现了空变Q值补偿,明显拓宽了资料的有效频带,子波横向一致性得到改善。Absorption and attenuation of near-surface seismic wave may lead to frequency dispersion and lateral inconsistency of wavelet of seismic data. To solve this problem,considering the feature that the data frequency may be changed due to absorption and attenuation,the improved peak frequency migration is used to work out Q value at the space-varied surface. Then,stable compensation approach is introduced to effectively restrict the high-frequency noise,which can compensate the loss due absorption,adjust phase and will not amplify the high-frequency noise. The approach is applied in seismic data processing in Liaohe Oilfield,which has achieved the compensation of space-varied value of Q,obviously broadened the effective frequency band of the data,thus improving the lateral consistency of wavelet.

关 键 词：近地表吸收 频散 峰值频率偏移法 稳定补偿方法 空变补偿 表层Q值 辽河油区 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]