大庆地区水体中PAHs分布及生态风险  

Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water from Daqing City

作　　者：肖能文[1] 赵彩云[1] 王学霞[1] 高晓奇[1] 付梦娣[1] 李俊生[1] 罗建武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第5期78-83,108,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2008BAC43B01);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2013-YSKY-16)

摘　　要：研究了大庆市地表水中多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布特征与污染来源。大庆地区地表水PAHs共检出15种单体。PAHs含量范围为10.02~5 743.37μg/L,平均值为1 298.25μg/L。各采样点中的PAHs含量存在较大差别。在15种多环芳烃单体中,以萘含量最高,浓度范围为7.98~5 735.94μg/L。除W12外,其他各采样点萘含量占总量的99%以上;其次是苊烯;苯并（b）荧蒽在所有样点均没有检出。特征比值法分析表明大庆地区所有样点PAHs主要来源于钻井和维修过程中石油燃烧产生的污染,而采用因子分析/多元线性回归方法分析表明石油污染和焦炉燃烧源为40.42%,煤等化石燃料来源为30.59%,天然气和交通排放为20.49%,而柴油等燃烧贡献率为8.49%。风险评价表明,萘在大部分采样点均存在生态风险,而苯并（a）芘在W13和W16存在生态风险,其他13种PAHs单体不存在生态风险。The spatial distribution and main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in the surface water from Daqing City were investigated. 15 kinds of PAHs were detected, with total PAH concentrations varied from 10.02 to 5 743.37 μg/L, and an average of 1 298.25 μg/L. There was a large difference in levels of PAHs in sampling sites. Among 15 PAHs, naphthalene had the highest content, ranged from 7.98 to 5 735.94 μg/L. Naphthalene fraction in the other stations were more than 99% of the total PAHs except for the samples W12. Benzo （b） fluoranthene in all samples was not detected. The diagnostic ratios indicated that PAHs mainly from combustion. However, the factor analysis-multiple linear regression analysis indicated PAH contaminations originated from oil spill and coking industry, coal and fossil fuels combustion, and natural gas burning and traffic, and diesel combustion, which respectively accounted for 40.42%, 30.59%, 20.~9%, 8.49% of the total PAHs. Naphthalene had potential ecological risk in most samples, while benzo （a） pyrene existed ecological risk only in samples W13 and W16. The other 13 kinds of PAHs fraction did not exist ecological risk.

关 键 词：大庆 地表水 多环芳烃 生态风险 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]