电解锰行业重金属废水削减平台的开发与应用  

Development and Application of Cleaner Production Technology Platform for Heavy Metal-containing Wastewater Reduction in Electrolytic Manganese Industry

作　　者：徐夫元[1] 张歌[1] 刘叶楠[2] 赵炜楠[3] 文玉成[1] 周超[1] 降林华[1] 段宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院重金属清洁生产工程技术中心,北京100012 [2]北方工业大学艺术学院,北京100041 [3]懊大利亚莫纳什大学工程学院,澳大利亚墨尔本380000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第5期114-118,124,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2010ZX07212-006);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAF03B03);国家自然科学基金(51304178)

摘　　要：电解锰企业的重金属工艺废水产生量高达3~4 m3/t锰,传统的末端处理工艺存在成本高、有二次污染、锰铬离子难以回收利用等缺点。电解车间是重金属废水产生量最大且污染最为严重的地方,废水主要源于电解车间技术和设备的不清洁,导致了电解车间工人的身体健康受到严重的重金属污染危害,而末端治理设施无论如何改善也无法解决电解车间工人身体健康受到重金属污染的问题。针对这些问题,该文开发了电解锰行业重金属废水过程减排成套工艺平台,从源头上解决了锰电解过程中重金属废水污染问题：将出槽及钝化过程的极板挟带液分别减量77.84%、75.90%,清洗废水减量85.44%,减量后的废水可以完全回用于电解锰主体工艺而不会发生水膨胀,从根本上解决了该行业废水末端处理设施现存弊病,彻底避免了车间工人环境暴露对人体健康造成的危害。As high as 3~4 m3/t Mn of heavy metals-containing process wastewater is generated in electrolytic manganese （EM） industry. Traditional end-of-pipe treatment process has shortcomings of high expenses, secondary pollution and difficulties in recovering manganese and chromium. Electrolysis workshop is the most polluted place where the largest amount of heavy metal wastewater is generated, with wastewater mainly originating from non-cleaning of the electrolysis technologies and equipments in electrolysis workshop. It can easily lead to severe harm for the employees＂ health, which can＇t be solved by the end-of-pipe facility improvements. Aiming at these problems, the authors developed a complete set of technology platform for heavy metal-containing wastewater process cutting in the EM industry which can solve the heavy metal- containing wastewater pollutant from the source, with liquid carried in cathode pulting and passivation process cut off by 77. 84% and 75.90% respectively, and cleaning water in washing process by 85.44%. Wastewater after cutting can be completely reused to the main EM process without water expansion. The new developed technology platform fundamentally solves the drawbacks of existing end-of-pipe facilities and completely avoids the impact of wastewater on employees＇health due to workshop environment exposure.

关 键 词：电解锰 重金属废水 清洁生产 削减平台 

分 类 号：X383[环境科学与工程—环境工程]