不同学历层次护理专业学生乙型肝炎知识态度行为调查  

Investigation on knowledge,attitude and behavior related to Hepatitis B among nursing students from different educational levels

作　　者：姚展妮[1,2] 曹宝花[3] 赵宁宁[1] 王嘉楠[3] 沈约[3] 王安辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学军事预防医学院流行病学教研室,陕西西安710032 [2]铜川职业技术学院医学系,陕西铜川713202 [3]第四军医大学护理系,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2015年第4期396-399,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的了解不同学历层次护理专业学生乙肝相关知识、态度和行为状况,为开展有针对性的健康教育提供基础资料。方法于2013年12月,对西安市、铜川市两所院校不同学历层次护理专业2012级学生开展现况调查,学生以班级为单位集中,采用自行设计的半封闭式调查问卷进行调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果本科生在"接触乙肝患者血液能否感染乙肝、乙肝孕妇能否给孩子传播病毒、乙肝病毒能否经性接触传播"方面正答率显著高于高职生。但仅有40.2%的护理专业学生对上述三种传播途径均能正确应答,其中本科生正答率(50.0%)高于高职生(8.1%),差异有统计学意义(x2=54.24,P<0.001)。对于"婴幼儿、成人感染乙肝病毒预后情况"本科生正答率(72.2%)高于高职生(60.3%)(x2=20.97,P<0.001);超过60%的护理专业学生对乙肝感染者持有"介意"态度,且介意率本科生均低于高职生。结论不同层次护理专业学生对乙肝的知识、态度、行为存在差异,应针对护理专业学生,尤其是高职护理专业学生加强乙肝相关知识的宣传教育,提高其对乙肝基本知识的正确认识。Objective To investige knowledge,attitude and behavior（ KAB） related to hepatitis virus B among nursing students from different educational levels. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was carried out. Undergraduate nursing students from Xi＇an Medical University and nursing students from a school in Tongchuan were investigated in December 2013. Questionnaires was self-filled by students within 10 minutes. Results Knowledge related to three main transmission routes of HBV,including＂blood transmission route,mother-to-child transmission route and sexual transmission route＂,was fully understood by 50. 0% undergraduate students and 8. 1% specialized school students（ χ^2= 54. 24,P 〈0. 001）. With respect to the knowledge related to prognosis as ＂ the severity of HBV infection in infants versus in adults＂the correct answer rate（ 72. 2%） was higher in undergraduate nursing students than that of specialized school students（ 60. 3%）（ χ^2= 20. 97,P〈 0. 001）. More than 60% nursing students discriminate against individuals infected with HBV,and the discrimination rate was lower in undergraduate students than that of specialized school students. Conclusions Differences exist in KAB related to HBV between nursing students with different educational levels. Therefore,more attention should be given to health education of KAB related to HBV among nursing students,especially in nursing students from a specialized school.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 知识 态度 行为 流行病学方法 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R181.1[医药卫生—临床医学]