黏弹材料动力学参数的宽频测试  

Broadband dynamic parameters measurement by longitudinal vibration testing using pulse wave

作　　者：侯宏[1] 余虎[1] 孙亮[1] 曹文[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航海学院,西安710072

出　　处：《声学学报》2015年第3期413-421,共9页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11204242;11474230);西北工业大学研究生创业种子基金(Z2013006)资助

摘　　要：利用改进的波速法，对黏弹性材料连续宽频范围的动力学参数进行测试。利用有限元方法，对波速法的测试过程进行了仿真，验证了利用长短棒波速法测量宽频动力学参数的有效性。采用可控脉冲生成技术，在激振器上产生了用于宽频测试的短脉冲信号。黏弹性长短棒在上述宽带短脉冲激励下作纵向强迫振动，利用激光测振仪测量长短两棒自由端的纵向振动速度，从而可得两振动信号在连续宽频范围的幅值比和相位差，进而可根据波速法原理计算得到材料在连续宽频范围的储能模量和损耗因子。测试结果表明，该系统通过较少次数测试，可直接计算得到1—5kHz连续宽频范围的动力学参数，测试结果与黏弹仪数据吻合。通过对幅值比和相位差进行线性最小二乘拟合，可以进一步拓展测量的频率范围。该方法准确可靠、简便快速，具有实际应用价值。Paper presents a method to measure the dynamic parameters of viscoelastic material bar by the longitudinal vibration testing in a wide frequency range. In the measurement, one end of the bar is driven by a transducer using a pulse wave and the other end is allowed to move freely. The vibration velocity of the bar free end is measured by a laser vibrometer. The dynamic parameters are calculated from the vibration velocity ratio between the long bar and the short bar over a wide frequency range since the driven signal of the pulse wave is a broadband signal. The frequency range of the measurements can be further expanded through data fitting. The results agree well with that of commercial viscoelastic instrument.

关 键 词：动力学参数 黏弹性材料 测试过程 宽频 最小二乘拟合 脉冲信号 有限元方法 激光测振仪 

分 类 号：O341[理学—固体力学]