尖山河小流域坡耕地的细沟侵蚀研究  

Rill Erosion in Slope Farmland in Jianshan River Small Watershed

作　　者：郭玲梅 王克勤[1] 苏备 蒋薇[1] 米涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第2期12-16,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30660037);西南林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治重点学科建设项目

摘　　要：开展坡耕地细沟侵蚀的研究,对搞清坡面土壤侵蚀规律,促进坡耕地水土保持具有十分重要的意义。通过定位观测和野外调查资料分析,研究了尖山河小流域坡耕地细沟侵蚀的发展过程。结果表明:坡耕地产生细沟后,随着侵蚀性降雨的继续,坡面细沟向坡下侵蚀加长,细沟密度逐渐增大,细沟不断加深加宽,细沟侵蚀量也不断增加。细沟发展至其深度达到犁底层后,将基本趋于稳定。细沟侵蚀深度一般不超过30cm,宽可达35cm,而大多数细沟深度小于15cm,宽度小于20cm。由细沟侵蚀产生的年土壤侵蚀量可达到8 700t/km2以上。The research for rill erosion in slope land has the very vital significance to clarify the slope soil ero- sion, to promote farmland soil and water conservation. The analysis on location observation and field investi- gation data was carried out to study the development of rill erosion process on the slope in Jianshan River small watershed. The results showed that after the generation of rill in slope farmland, the slope rill erosion lengthened along the slope, rill density increased gradually, the rill became wide and deep, and rill erosion was also increasing under the erosive rainfall. With the accelerating development of rill, rill depth increased. Af- ter developing to the depth of the plough, the rill was stable basically. According to statistics, rill erosion depth was generally less than 30 centimeters, its width can be up to 35 cm, and most of the rill depths were less than 15 crn, width was less than 20 cm. Soil losses produced by rill erosion could reach more than 8 700 t/km2.

关 键 词：尖山河小流域 坡耕地 降雨量 细沟侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]