东北漫川漫岗区侵蚀沟发育特征研究  

Development Characteristics of Gullies in Rolling Hilly Regions in Northeast of China

作　　者：顾广贺[1] 王岩松[2] 钟云飞[2] 刘建祥[2] 范昊明[1] 刘立权 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866 [2]松辽水利委员会,长春130000 [3]辽宁省水土保持局,沈阳110003

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第2期47-51,57,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学资助项目(41371272)

摘　　要：东北漫川漫岗区位于黑土区核心位置,侵蚀沟发育严重。利用3S获取侵蚀沟数量、长度等数据,计算降雨侵蚀力、坡度、坡长,分析侵蚀沟发育特征及三因素对侵蚀沟发育影响。结果表明:东北漫川漫岗区75.11%的发展沟处于发育初、中期,潜在发育危险性较大,沟蚀剧烈程度地域性差异显著,研究区南、北部沟壑密度分别为0.3,0.06km/km2;地形、冻融历时、温差等差异造成降雨侵蚀力对北部侵蚀沟发育影响显著,南部相对较弱;研究区坡度与坡长呈正相关关系,北部坡缓造成坡度与沟壑密度呈线性增加关系,南部坡陡造成坡度与沟壑密度呈线性减小关系,北部、南部地形因子与沟壑密度分别呈线性增加、减小关系,随着坡长的增加,沟壑密度先增加后减小,临界坡长为900m。Rolling hilly region in northeast of China is located in the center of the black soil area where gullies are ubiquitous. We examined gully development characteristics and factors affecting its development by 3S technology, computing rainfall erosivity, slopegradient and slope length. The results show that 75. 11 per- cent of gullies in this area are at early or middle development stage and they have great developmental poten- tial dangers. The intensity of erosion gully development in the study area has significant regional differences, the gully densities in the south and north of study area are 0.3, 0.06 km/km2 , respectively. The differences of terrain, freezing-thaw duration and temperature are the main reasons that caused rainfall erosivity, which has significant impacts on gully development in the northern, less impacts on gully development in the south- ern. Slope gradient and slope length have positive correlations in the study area, slope in the northern area is small and it has positive correlations with gully density, slope in the southern area is big and it has negative eorrelations with gully density, topographic factors in the northern and southern areas have positive and neg- ative correlations with gully densities, respectively; with the growth of slope length, the gully density in- creases firstly and then decreases, the critical slope length is 900 m.

关 键 词：东北漫川漫岗区 侵蚀沟 影响因素 发育特征 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]