基于RS和GIS的水土流失敏感性评价及动态监测  

Dynamic Monitoring and Sensitivity Evaluation of Soil Erosion Based on RS and GIS

作　　者：王红岩[1] 李强子[1] 吴利桥 丁雷龙 张磊 杜鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所,北京100101 [2]珠江水资源保护科学研究所,广州510611 [3]中国地质大学,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第2期64-68,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：红水河综合利用规划环境影响后评价研究(1261320610403)

摘　　要：以Landsat-5TM影像为主要数据源,结合高精度的土地利用数据和DEM高程,基于遥感和GIS技术,通过选取关键影响因子,对红水河干流区1990年,2000年和2010年的水土流失敏感性进行了评价及其时空动态监测分析。结果表明:红水河干流区水土流失敏感性主要以轻度敏感和中度敏感为主,1990—2010年近30a来水土流失敏感性总体呈现好转趋势;在水土流失不同敏感性等级变化中,以水土流失中度敏感转为轻度敏感面积最大,1990—2000年和2000—2010年转化面积分别为2 736.24km2和2 462.09km2,1990—2000年水土流失敏感性向轻度敏感、不敏感转化的地区主要集中在红水河干流区中段区域,但2000—2010年水土流失敏感性等级的变化区域与之明显不同,主要发生在红水河干流区的东段。总体看来,在响应国家水土流失治理措施下,红水河干流区水土流失防治效果显著,生态环境逐渐转好。With the support of remote sensing and GIS, the sensitivity of soil erosion in Red River district was studied based on the Landsat-5 TM image and combining with high-precision land use data and DEM. Based on these, the dynamic monitoring of soil erosion sensitivity in 1990 2010 was analyzed. The results showed that the soil erosion sensitivity in Red River district was mainly at mild and moderate degree, the sensitivity of soil erosion had become better from 1990 to 2010. The largest change area of the soil erosion sensitivity was from moderate level to mild degree, the transformed areas of 1990 2000 and 2000--2010 were 2 736.24 km2 and 2 462.09 km2 , respectively. The soil erosion sensitivity conversion which was the other erosion sen- sitivity converted to mild, and micro soil erosion sensitivity from 1990 to 2000 mainly concentrated in the middle of the Red River district, however, the change area from 2000 to 2010 was different from that from 1990 2000, which was mainly in the east of the Red River district. Overall, in response to the national soil erosion control measures, the performed water and soil conservation measures in Red River district were very effective and the eco-environment gradually improved.

关 键 词：水土流失 敏感性评价 动态监测 遥感 GIS 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]